The invention relates to antibacterial and anti-mycobacterial drug compounds of formula I. It also relates to pharmaceutical formulations of antibacterial drug compounds. It also relates to uses of the derivatives in treating bacterial infections, and methods of treating bacterial infections. The invention is also directed to antibacterial drug compounds capable of treating bacterial infections that are currently hard to treat with existing drug compounds, e.g., those caused by resistant bacterial or mycobacterial strains.

The invention relates to antibacterial and anti-mycobacterial drug compounds of formula I. It also relates to pharmaceutical formulations of antibacterial drug compounds. It also relates to uses of the derivatives in treating bacterial infections, and methods of treating bacterial infections. The invention is also directed to antibacterial drug compounds capable of treating bacterial infections that are currently hard to treat with existing drug compounds, e.g., those caused by resistant bacterial or mycobacterial strains.

Mitochondria-targeting potassium sensors and method(s) for making such sensors. The sensor shows a response to potassium and displays a 130-fold dynamic range of fluorescence intensity and high brightness. The sensors response to potassium concentrations was demonstrated to be unaffected by cellular pH value and/or concentrations of other ions. The sensors can be used for monitoring the mitochondrial potassium efflux/influx.

The present invention provides methods of treating or preventing autoimmune diseases with 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds, as well as methods of treating, preventing or ameliorating symptoms associated with such diseases. Specific examples of autoimmune diseases that can be treated or prevented with the compounds include rheumatoid arthritis and/or its associated symptoms, systemic lupus erythematosis and/or its associated symptoms and multiple sclerosis and/or its associated symptoms.

The present invention provides methods of treating or preventing autoimmune diseases with 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds, as well as methods of treating, preventing or ameliorating symptoms associated with such diseases. Specific examples of autoimmune diseases that can be treated or prevented with the compounds include rheumatoid arthritis and/or its associated symptoms, systemic lupus erythematosis and/or its associated symptoms and multiple sclerosis and/or its associated symptoms.

The present invention is directed to fused heteroaryl derivative compounds which are antagonists of orexin receptors. The present invention is also directed to uses of the compounds described herein in the potential treatment or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders and diseases in which orexin receptors are involved. The present invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The present invention is also directed to uses of these pharmaceutical compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which orexin receptors are involved.

The present disclosure relates to novel macrocyclic compounds and libraries thereof containing heteroaryl moieties that are useful as research tools for drug discovery efforts. The present disclosure also relates to methods of preparing these compounds and libraries and methods of using these libraries, such as in high throughput screening. In particular, these libraries are useful for evaluation of bioactivity at existing and newly identified pharmacologically relevant targets, including G protein-coupled receptors, nuclear receptors, enzymes, ion channels, transporters, transcription factors, protein-protein interactions and nucleic acid-protein interactions. As such, these libraries can be applied to the search for new pharmaceutical agents for the treatment and prevention of a range of medical conditions.

The present disclosure relates to novel macrocyclic compounds and libraries thereof containing heteroaryl moieties that are useful as research tools for drug discovery efforts. The present disclosure also relates to methods of preparing these compounds and libraries and methods of using these libraries, such as in high throughput screening. In particular, these libraries are useful for evaluation of bioactivity at existing and newly identified pharmacologically relevant targets, including G protein-coupled receptors, nuclear receptors, enzymes, ion channels, transporters, transcription factors, protein-protein interactions and nucleic acid-protein interactions. As such, these libraries can be applied to the search for new pharmaceutical agents for the treatment and prevention of a range of medical conditions.

Compounds and compositions comprising compounds that inhibit glutaminase are described herein. Also described herein are methods of using the compounds that inhibit glutaminase in the treatment of cancer.

To provide a novel furanone derivative, and a medicine including the same. The furanone derivative is represented by the formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein A represents COOR1 or a hydrogen atom; R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, or an optionally substituted heterocycle; R2 and R3 are the same or different and each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, an optionally substituted phenyl group, an optionally substituted heterocycle, an optionally substituted heterocyclic fused ring, or an optionally substituted amino group; or alternatively, R2 and R3, taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form an optionally substituted heterocycle or an optionally substituted heterocyclic fused ring; and R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; with the proviso that when A represents COOR1, R2 and R3 are not optionally substituted amino groups at the same time, and when A represents a hydrogen atom, R3 represents a hydrogen atom.