Disclosed herein are composite materials and methods for forming the same. In one embodiment, a composite material comprises a primer layer comprising a polyalkylenimine, and an active layer comprising a binder and a metal organic framework (MOF), wherein the MOF comprises a bidentate organic compound coordinated to a metal ion, and wherein the active layer forms a coating on the primer layer.

Methods of forming a metal film having a metal halide with a reducing agent are disclosed. The reducing agent, the reducing agent includes a group IV element containing heterocyclic compound, a radical initiator, an alkly alane, a diborene species and/or a Sn(II) compound.

A method for producing a radioactive metal complex includes a step of allowing a radioactive metal to react with DOTA or a derivative thereof as a ligand in a reaction liquid to form a radioactive metal complex. The reaction liquid contains water, a buffer, and a water-soluble organic solvent. The radioactive metal is .sup.89Zr or .sup.225Ac. The ligand may have, in the structure thereof, a group to which a peptide is linked. The content of the water-soluble organic solvent in the reaction liquid is preferably 2% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less. The radioactive metal is preferably allowed to react with the ligand in the reaction liquid at 30° C. or higher and 80° C. or lower.

The invention provides a method of preparing a .sup.89Zr-oxine complex of the formula

##STR00001##

The invention also provides a method of labeling a cell with the .sup.89Zr-oxine complex and a method for detecting a biological cell in a subject comprising administering the .sup.89Zr-oxine complex to the subject.

The invention provides a method of preparing a .sup.89Zr-oxine complex of the formula

##STR00001##

The invention also provides a method of labeling a cell with the .sup.89Zr-oxine complex and a method for detecting a biological cell in a subject comprising administering the .sup.89Zr-oxine complex to the subject.

A process comprising a heterogeneous reaction between a solid metal organic framework supported catalyst and a hydrocarbon feed to form a modified hydrocarbon stream. The modified hydrocarbon stream comprises essentially of C6+ hydrocarbons.

A process comprising a heterogenous reaction between a solid metal organic framework supported heteropolyacid catalyst and a hydrocarbon feed to form a modified hydrocarbon stream. The modified hydrocarbon stream comprises essentially of C6+ hydrocarbons.

A solid metal organic framework composition comprising a solid metal organic framework supported heteropolyacid wherein the heteropolyacid loading is greater than 25% by weight; and the pore volume is less than 2.0 mL/g.

A solid metal organic framework composition comprising a solid metal organic framework supported sulfonic acid wherein the sulfur content is greater than 0.5 mmol/gram.

A solid metal organic framework composition comprising a solid oxyanion-modified metal organic framework wherein the oxyanion loading is at least 2 per node.