A method for preparing three-dimensional perovskite nanopixels of a digital display is provided. The method includes steps of preparing precursor ink by mixing methylammonium halide and lead halide and adding them into another mixture, adding the precursor ink into a nanopipette, placing the nanopipette with the precursor ink above a silicon substrate and apart from the silicon substrate by a certain distance, configuring the nanopipette to come into contact with the Si substrate such that a portion of the precursor ink having an interface surface of a shape of a meniscus is formed between the nanopipette and the silicon substrate, performing rapid evaporation of the portion of the precursor ink to facilitate crystallization of perovskite, moving the nanopipette upwardly at a constant speed such that the crystallization of perovskite proceeds upwardly, and terminating the crystallization of perovskite to generate a freestanding nanopixel for emitting light.

The present disclosure pertains to a color filter for a display device, which has at least one color filter element for generating a predefined color in response to incident light, wherein the at least one color filter element includes a Perovskite material.

The present disclosure pertains to a color filter for a display device, which has at least one color filter element for generating a predefined color in response to incident light, wherein the at least one color filter element includes a Perovskite material.

A synchronized piezoelectric and luminescence (SPL) material includes a core layer including light-emitting particles and a shell layer which is attached onto a surface of the core layer and includes ligands having a piezoelectric property. Therefore, a piezoelectric property and a luminescent property can be simultaneously implemented using a single SPL material in which piezoelectric ligands and light-emitting particles are chemically coupled.

A synchronized piezoelectric and luminescence (SPL) material includes a core layer including light-emitting particles and a shell layer which is attached onto a surface of the core layer and includes ligands having a piezoelectric property. Therefore, a piezoelectric property and a luminescent property can be simultaneously implemented using a single SPL material in which piezoelectric ligands and light-emitting particles are chemically coupled.

An aspect of the present disclosure is a method that includes combining a first organic salt (A.sup.1X.sup.1), a first metal salt (M.sup.1(X.sup.2).sub.2), a second organic salt (A.sup.2X.sup.3), a second metal salt (M.sup.2Cl.sub.2), and a solvent to form a primary solution, where A.sup.1X.sup.1 and M.sup.1(X.sup.2).sub.2 are present in the primary solution at a first ratio between about 0.5 to 1.0 and about 1.5 to 1.0, and A.sup.2X.sup.3 to M.sup.2Cl.sub.2 are present in the primary solution at a second ratio between about 2.0 to 1.0 and about 4.0 to 1.0. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of A.sup.1 or A.sup.2 may include at least one of an alkyl ammonium, an alkyl diamine, cesium, and/or rubidium.

An aspect of the present disclosure is a method that includes combining a first organic salt (A.sup.1X.sup.1), a first metal salt (M.sup.1(X.sup.2).sub.2), a second organic salt (A.sup.2X.sup.3), a second metal salt (M.sup.2Cl.sub.2), and a solvent to form a primary solution, where A.sup.1X.sup.1 and M.sup.1(X.sup.2).sub.2 are present in the primary solution at a first ratio between about 0.5 to 1.0 and about 1.5 to 1.0, and A.sup.2X.sup.3 to M.sup.2Cl.sub.2 are present in the primary solution at a second ratio between about 2.0 to 1.0 and about 4.0 to 1.0. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of A.sup.1 or A.sup.2 may include at least one of an alkyl ammonium, an alkyl diamine, cesium, and/or rubidium.

Stable perovskite films having substantially-no phase transition within a predetermined temperature range are disclosed. In the films, formation of carrier traps is suppressed. Thermally stable perovskite solar cells and light-emitting devices using the films are also disclosed.

Stable perovskite films having substantially-no phase transition within a predetermined temperature range are disclosed. In the films, formation of carrier traps is suppressed. Thermally stable perovskite solar cells and light-emitting devices using the films are also disclosed.

Disclosed herein is a polymeric film, the film comprising a polymeric matrix material, a plurality of perovskite nanocrystals and/or aggregates of perovskite nanocrystals dispersed throughout the polymeric matrix material. There is also disclosed a perovskite polymer resin composition, a perovskite-polymer resin composition, a perovskite ink and a method of forming a luminescent film using any one of the compositions or ink. Preferably, the perovskite material is a lead halide perovskite containing a cation selected from Cs, an alkylammonium ion, or a formamidinium ion. The polymeric matrix is preferably formed from monomers comprising a vinyl or an acrylate group.