A Brønsted-Lowry acid initiator system for cationic polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer involves an initiator having a structure of Formula (I) in an anhydrous polymerization medium:

##STR00001## where: M is tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V) or niobium (Ni); R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and are independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, alkyl or aryl, or two or more of R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 on a same benzene ring are taken together to form a bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic moiety with the benzene ring, with the proviso that all of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 on the same benzene ring are not H; L is absent or a molecule that coordinates to H.sup.+; and, x is 0 when L is absent, or x is 0.5 or more when L is present.

An organometallic adduct compound and a method of manufacturing an integrated circuit (IC) device, the organometallic adduct compound being represented by General formula (I):

##STR00001## in General formula (I), R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each independently a C1 to C5 alkyl group, at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 being a C1 to C5 alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, M is a niobium atom, a tantalum atom, or a vanadium atom, X is a halogen atom, m is an integer of 3 to 5, and n is 1 or 2.

This disclosure is generally directed to polymerization catalysts derived from 1,5-diazabicyclooctanes, catalyst systems utilizing such catalysts, and processes to polymerize alpha olefins therewith.

A nanoparticle that includes a metal oxide core having the formula M.sub.2O.sub.5 wherein M is either tantalum (V) or niobium (V) and alkylsiloxane ligands surrounding the metal oxide core.

The present disclosure provides a complex having a metal and ligand anionic complex that is counterbalanced by a cation. The complex can be suited for many uses including in a battery.

Coatings for components of electrochemical cells (e.g., layers for protecting electrodes) are generally described. Associated compounds, articles, systems, and methods are also generally described.

Disclosed are vanadyl complexes of Formula 1, Formula 2, and Formula 3, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R are defined as in the description. The pharmaceutical compositions containing these complexes and uses of the complexes for treatment of Diabetes Mellitus, such as Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, are also disclosed.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing a vanadium battery electrolyte by using a waste vanadium catalyst. The method includes step A: soaking a waste vanadium catalyst in an oxalic acid solution for 2-8 h, to generate a solution containing vanadyl oxalate; step B: cleaning the waste vanadium catalyst, and collecting the vanadyl oxalate solution; and step C: adding a polyacid ester into the vanadyl oxalate solution; and after full reaction, removing impurities by filtration, and concentrating the filtrate to obtain a vanadyl oxalate mother solution. The method for preparing a vanadium battery electrolyte by using a waste vanadium catalyst according to the present invention does not generate wastes which cause environmental pollution in the treatment process, and can make a solution in the waste vanadium catalyst treatment process generate the electrolyte for preparing a vanadium battery. The process is simple and the treatment cost is low.

Systems and methods for automatically generating a set of meta-parameters used to train invariant-based anomaly detectors are provided. Data is transformed into a first set of time series data and a second set of time series data. A fitness threshold search is performed on the first set of time series data to automatically generate a fitness threshold, and a time resolution search is performed on the set of second time series data to automatically generate a time resolution. A set of meta-parameters including the fitness threshold and the time resolution are sent to one or more user devices across a network to govern the training of an invariant-based anomaly detector.

A vanadium compound represented by following General Formula (1). ##STR00001## In General Formula (1), R.sup.1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms and n represents a number from 2 to 4. R.sup.1 preferably represents a secondary alkyl or a tertiary alkyl. It is preferred that in General Formula (1), n is 2 and R.sup.1 is tert-butyl group or tert-pentyl group, since the compound has a broad ALD window and high thermal decomposition temperature to be able to form a good quality vanadium-containing thin film that has a small carbon residue when used as an ALD material.