The present invention concerns an efficient way to isolate L-fucose from a fermentation broth. The L-fucose contained in the fermentation broth is produced by microbial fermentation (bacterial or yeasts). The inventive process comprises a step of removing biomass from the fermentation broth, a step of subjecting the resulting solution to at least one of a cationic ion exchanger treatment and an anionic ion exchanger treatment and a step of removing salts after the ion exchanger treatment. The process can provide L-fucose in powder form, in granulated form as well as in form of L-fucose crystals.

The present invention concerns an efficient way to isolate L-fucose from a fermentation broth. The L-fucose contained in the fermentation broth is produced by microbial fermentation (bacterial or yeasts). The inventive process comprises a step of removing biomass from the fermentation broth, a step of subjecting the resulting solution to at least one of a cationic ion exchanger treatment and an anionic ion exchanger treatment and a step of removing salts after the ion exchanger treatment. The process can provide L-fucose in powder form, in granulated form as well as in form of L-fucose crystals.

Provided herein are branched oligonucleotides exhibiting efficient and specific tissue distribution, cellular uptake, minimum immune response and off-target effects, without formulation.

Provided herein are branched oligonucleotides exhibiting efficient and specific tissue distribution, cellular uptake, minimum immune response and off-target effects, without formulation.

Provided herein are branched oligonucleotides exhibiting efficient and specific tissue distribution, cellular uptake, minimum immune response and off-target effects, without formulation.

Provided herein are branched oligonucleotides exhibiting efficient and specific tissue distribution, cellular uptake, minimum immune response and off-target effects, without formulation.

Provided herein are branched oligonucleotides exhibiting efficient and specific tissue distribution, cellular uptake, minimum immune response and off-target effects, without formulation.

Provided herein are branched oligonucleotides exhibiting efficient and specific tissue distribution, cellular uptake, minimum immune response and off-target effects, without formulation.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing 2-O-fucosyllactose and to the protected fucosyl donor of the formula (I) used in this method. The method comprises reacting the fucose derivative of the formula (I) below with the compound of the general formula (II), in the presence of an activating reagent. In the formulae (I) and (II), the variables are each defined as follows: X is Br or a S-bound radical, namely SCN, S(O).sub.nR.sup.X1or SR.sup.X2, wherein R.sup.X1 preferably is an optionally substituted phenyl, and R.sup.X2 preferably is C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, 2-oxazolin-2-yl, 2-thiazolin-2-yl, benzoxazol-2-yl, benzothiazol-2-yl or pyridin-2-yl; R.sup.Si are the same or different and are radicals of the formula SiR.sup.aR.sup.bR.sup.c, wherein R.sup.a, R.sup.b and R.sup.c preferably are each methyl; R.sup.1 is a C(=O)R.sup.11 radical or an SiR.sup.12R.sup.13R.sup.14 radical, wherein R.sup.11 is preferably methyl, phenyl or tert-butyl, and R.sup.12, R.sup.13 and R14 preferably are each methyl; R.sup.2 are the same or different and are C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkyl or together form a linear C.sub.3-C.sub.6-alkanediyl, which is unsubstituted or has 1 to 6 methyl groups as substituents; R.sup.3 are the same or different and are C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkyl or together form a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkanediyl, which is unsubstituted or has 1 to 6 methyl groups as substituents.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a method for preparing 2-O-fucosyllactose and to the protected fucosyl donor of the formula (I) used in this method. The method comprises reacting the fucose derivative of the formula (I) below with the compound of the general formula (II), in the presence of an activating reagent. In the formulae (I) and (II), the variables are each defined as follows: X is Br or a S-bound radical, namely SCN, S(O).sub.nR.sup.X1or SR.sup.X2, wherein R.sup.X1 preferably is an optionally substituted phenyl, and R.sup.X2 preferably is C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkyl, 2-oxazolin-2-yl, 2-thiazolin-2-yl, benzoxazol-2-yl, benzothiazol-2-yl or pyridin-2-yl; R.sup.Si are the same or different and are radicals of the formula SiR.sup.aR.sup.bR.sup.c, wherein R.sup.a, R.sup.b and R.sup.c preferably are each methyl; R.sup.1 is a C(=O)R.sup.11 radical or an SiR.sup.12R.sup.13R.sup.14 radical, wherein R.sup.11 is preferably methyl, phenyl or tert-butyl, and R.sup.12, R.sup.13 and R14 preferably are each methyl; R.sup.2 are the same or different and are C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkyl or together form a linear C.sub.3-C.sub.6-alkanediyl, which is unsubstituted or has 1 to 6 methyl groups as substituents; R.sup.3 are the same or different and are C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkyl or together form a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.4-alkanediyl, which is unsubstituted or has 1 to 6 methyl groups as substituents.

##STR00001##