Provided herein are formulations, methods and substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine, furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine, and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine compounds of Formula (I) for treating Pneumovirinae virus infections, including respiratory syncytial virus infections, as well as methods and intermediates for synthesis of substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine, furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine, and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine compounds. ##STR00001##

Provided herein are formulations, methods and substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine, furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine, and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine compounds of Formula (I) for treating Pneumovirinae virus infections, including respiratory syncytial virus infections, as well as methods and intermediates for synthesis of substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine, furo[3,2-d]pyrimidine, and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine compounds. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides nucleoside compounds and oligonucleotides including an unnatural 6-amino-2-pyridone heterocyclic base where the 6-amino and 2-positions are protected. The 2-position of the heterocyclic base can be protected with an acyl-oxy-methyl protecting group. In some embodiments, the protected heterocyclic base has the following structure where AcOM is an acetyl-oxy-methyl group and R is a ribose or deoxyribose sugar: ##STR00001## Methods for synthesizing an oligonucleotide are provided in which the subject compounds find use. The method can include protecting an unnatural (e.g., Z) nucleotide with an acetyl-oxy-methyl group; incorporating the protected unnatural nucleotide into a nucleotide sequence on a solid support; and removing the acetyl-oxy-methyl group from the unnatural nucleotide incorporated into the nucleotide sequence. The compounds and methods find use in the synthesis of long oligonucleotides including Z nucleotides.

The present disclosure provides nucleoside compounds and oligonucleotides including an unnatural 6-amino-2-pyridone heterocyclic base where the 6-amino and 2-positions are protected. The 2-position of the heterocyclic base can be protected with an acyl-oxy-methyl protecting group. In some embodiments, the protected heterocyclic base has the following structure where AcOM is an acetyl-oxy-methyl group and R is a ribose or deoxyribose sugar: ##STR00001## Methods for synthesizing an oligonucleotide are provided in which the subject compounds find use. The method can include protecting an unnatural (e.g., Z) nucleotide with an acetyl-oxy-methyl group; incorporating the protected unnatural nucleotide into a nucleotide sequence on a solid support; and removing the acetyl-oxy-methyl group from the unnatural nucleotide incorporated into the nucleotide sequence. The compounds and methods find use in the synthesis of long oligonucleotides including Z nucleotides.

The application discloses nucleoside derivatives of Formula I as inhibitors of Influenza RNA replication. In particular, the application discloses the use of purine and pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives of Formula I as inhibitors of Influenza RNA replication and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

##STR00001##

Provided is a method for quantitating a saccharide in a liquid sample. The method comprises incubating the liquid sample with 2,3-naphthalenediamine in the presence of iodine to allow a naphthimidazole group to be linked to the saccharide to obtain a first mixture; obtaining an .sup.1H-NMR spectrum of the first mixture; and comparing, in said .sup.1H-NMR spectrum, the intensity or integral of a proton signal corresponding to the saccharide to the intensity or integral of a proton signal corresponding to an internal standard present in the first mixture.

Isoorientin analogues and related compounds that inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity are provided as are methods of using these compounds in the treatment of cognitive, neurodegenerative or neurological diseases or conditions, as well as cancer, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory or autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disorder, metabolic syndrome X, hair loss, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, cocaine addiction, dental caries, bone loss and glaucoma.

Isoorientin analogues and related compounds that inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity are provided as are methods of using these compounds in the treatment of cognitive, neurodegenerative or neurological diseases or conditions, as well as cancer, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory or autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disorder, metabolic syndrome X, hair loss, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, cocaine addiction, dental caries, bone loss and glaucoma.

Provided are methods for treating Orthomyxoviridae virus infections by administering ribosides, riboside phosphates and prodrugs thereof, of Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.2 is halogen. The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are particularly useful for the treatment of Human Influenza virus infections.

Provided are compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions for treating Filoviridae virus infections by administering ribosides, riboside phosphates and prodrugs thereof, of Formula IV: ##STR00001##
The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are particularly useful for the treatment of Marburg virus, Ebola virus and Cueva virus infections.