Disclosed are systemic and intravaginal non-hormonal contraceptives comprising a spermicidal triterpenoid. The contraceptive may be in the form of a foam, cream or gel, or in unit form of a pill, vaginal contraceptive film (VCF), suppository, sponge, transdermal or hypodermal patches or a slow release intravaginal device or intrauterine device such as a drug-impregnated silicone elastomer vaginal ring or polymeric IUD.

A method for synthesizing 3-oxolupenal nanoparticles including isolating 3-oxolupenal from a fraction of Nuxia oppositifolia plant, reducing the 3-oxolupenal to obtain a powder of 3-oxolupenal, dissolving the powder of 3-oxolupenal in methanol to form a first solution, adding the first solution to boiling water to form a second solution, sonicating the second solution, and freeze-drying after sonication to obtain the synthesized 3-oxolupenal nanoparticles. The synthesized 3-oxolupenal nanoparticles exhibited cytotoxic effects and antimicrobial effects.

Compounds having drug and bio-affecting properties, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use are set forth. In particular, betulinic acid derivatives that possess unique antiviral activity are provided as HIV maturation inhibitors, as represented by compounds of Formula I:

##STR00001## These compounds are useful for the treatment of HIV and AIDS.

The present invention relates to C-3 novel triterpenone with C-28 urea derivatives of formula (I); or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable hydrates, tautomers, stereoisomers, prodrugs, compositions or combination thereof, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, W, J and X are as defined herein. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of formula (I) useful for the treatment of viral diseases and particularly HIV mediated diseases.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to compounds characterized by having a structure according to the following Formula I: ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment or prevention of HIV.

Oleanolic acid methyl ester derivatives demonstrate potent anti-diabetic activities. In in vitro anti-diabetic testing, the derivatives showed more potency regarding dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) inhibitor activity, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) agonist activity, and -Glucosidase inhibitors activity, as compared to reference standards oleanolic acid and acarbose. In in vivo oral hypoglycemic testing, both acute and sub-acute studies demonstrated that the derivatives had high potency and long duration of action compared to the reference standards pioglitazone, acarbose and oleanolic acid.

In one aspect, the invention relates methods for inhibiting or preventing muscle atrophy or increasing muscle mass by providing to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of ursolic acid, a derivative thereof, or an analog of the ursane scaffold. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

In one aspect, the invention relates methods for inhibiting or preventing muscle atrophy or increasing muscle mass by providing to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of ursolic acid, a derivative thereof, or an analog of the ursane scaffold. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

The present invention relates to compounds characterized by having a structure according to the following Formula I:

##STR00001##

, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment or prevention of HIV.

The present invention pertains to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, and relates to compounds having cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene skeletons and preparation methods therefore. The compounds have some physiological activity, and are useful as synthons/intermediates for further synthesizing some compounds having specific structures. These compounds and salts thereof are useful as lead compounds for synthesizing pharmaceuticals, pesticides and new materials. From this, further screen and preparation by chemical, biological and medical means offer new compounds that are more valuable and have important applications, achieving the object of inventing and creating new drugs.