Combination therapies for the treatment of cancers are provided. In some embodiments, a flagellin derivative such as CBLB502 is administered in combination with an immune checkpoint therapy (e.g., an anti-PD 1 antibody and an anti-CTLA4 antibody) to treat a cancer in a mammalian subject. In some embodiments, the combination therapy is administered intratumorally or peritumorally.

The present invention relates to uses of threonyl-tRNA synthetase (TARS) derived from Akkermansia muciniphila or a fragment thereof as an active ingredient for prevention, alleviation, and treatment of an inflammatory disease. The Akkermansia muciniphila TARS or a fragment thereof according to the present invention promotes the differentiation of M2 macrophages, which are anti-inflammatory macrophages, to multiply macrophages, thereby increasing the secretion of IL-10 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, leading to the proliferation of B cells to result in an anti-inflammatory effect, and thus was verified to show alleviation effects of not only inflammatory diseases but also immune diseases, infectious diseases, and metabolic diseases accompanied by inflammation, and to have excellent effects in the prevention or treatment of an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Compositions and methods for controlling pests are provided. The methods involve transforming organisms with a nucleic acid sequence encoding an insecticidal protein. In particular, the nucleic acid sequences are useful for preparing plants and microorganisms that possess insecticidal activity. Thus, transformed bacteria, plants, plant cells, plant tissues and seeds are provided. Compositions are insecticidal nucleic acids and proteins of bacterial species. The sequences find use in the construction of expression vectors for subsequent transformation into organisms of interest including plants, as probes for the isolation of other homologous (or partially homologous) genes. The pesticidal proteins find use in controlling, inhibiting growth or killing Lepidopteran, Coleopteran, Dipteran, fungal, Hemipteran and nematode pest populations and for producing compositions with insecticidal activity.

The present invention provides a method of increasing nisin production in nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis by inactivating the phage infection protein Pip. The invention also provides nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis in which the phage infection protein is inactivated. The nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis can be used in starter culture for manufacturing food products or other industrial applications.

The present invention relates to the field of recombinant production of biological molecules in host cells. More particularly it relates to a method for recombinant production of human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) using a genetically modified cell expressing a protein of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS).

Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, non-naturally occurring proteins (e.g., non-naturally occurring modified proteins) that may be useful in the treatment of bacterial and viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 infection, host cells comprising the same, and methods of treating bacterial and viral infections including SARS-CoV-2 infection. Also provided herein are host cells comprising fusion proteins for split intein-based selection of peptides that bind a target protein, methods of using the same, and methods of identifying peptides that bind a target protein.

PDL1-pHLIP, a preparation method of the PDL1-pHLIP, and an application of the PDL1-pHLIP in treatment of autoimmune diseases are provided. A fusion peptide is prepared by binding a pH low insertion peptide and an extracellular domain of PDL1. The pH low insertion peptide may be inserted onto a cell membrane of a focus tissue in an acid environment; the PDL1 bound to the pH low insertion peptide is subjected to targeting localization at the focus by utilizing the above properties of the pH low insertion peptide; a PD-1/PD-L1 negative signal of the focus tissue is enhanced by utilizing the pH low insertion peptide; and immune response of effector T cells is suppressed at the source, thereby achieving an effect of preventing and treating the autoimmune diseases.

PDL1-pHLIP, a preparation method of the PDL1-pHLIP, and an application of the PDL1-pHLIP in treatment of autoimmune diseases are provided. A fusion peptide is prepared by binding a pH low insertion peptide and an extracellular domain of PDL1. The pH low insertion peptide may be inserted onto a cell membrane of a focus tissue in an acid environment; the PDL1 bound to the pH low insertion peptide is subjected to targeting localization at the focus by utilizing the above properties of the pH low insertion peptide; a PD-1/PD-L1 negative signal of the focus tissue is enhanced by utilizing the pH low insertion peptide; and immune response of effector T cells is suppressed at the source, thereby achieving an effect of preventing and treating the autoimmune diseases.

The present invention relates to recombinant Gram-negative bacterial strains and the use thereof for delivery of repeated domains of a heterologous protein or two or more domains of different heterologous proteins into eukaryotic cells.

The present invention relates to recombinant Gram-negative bacterial strains and the use thereof for delivery of repeated domains of a heterologous protein or two or more domains of different heterologous proteins into eukaryotic cells.