The present invention relates to the preparation of an antibody analogue capable of being activated reversibly, and uses thereof, and provides a fusion protein comprising an inactive first fragment of an antibody analogue is fused to a stimulus-induced dimerization protein.

Formulations of egg powders with avian antibodies that act as mucosal protectants are provided. The formulations are effective for protecting the mucosal membranes in the pharyngeal area of an individual from viral infections. Formulations effective for reducing infections of SARS-CoV-2 in individuals are provided. Formulations are also effective for reducing transmission of viral disease. The formulations are tablets, candies, gummies, throat lozenges, and powders for administering to the pharyngeal area. Methods for administering the formulations for reducing viral disease such as Covid-19 are disclosed.

Formulations of egg powders with avian antibodies that act as mucosal protectants are provided. The formulations are effective for protecting the mucosal membranes in the pharyngeal area of an individual from viral infections. Formulations effective for reducing infections of SARS-CoV-2 in individuals are provided. Formulations are also effective for reducing transmission of viral disease. The formulations are tablets, candies, gummies, throat lozenges, and powders for administering to the pharyngeal area. Methods for administering the formulations for reducing viral disease such as Covid-19 are disclosed.

This disclosure relates to a transgenic plant or plant tissue. In particular, this disclosure relates to a transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell comprising at least one polynucleotide comprising at least one sequence encoding a variable domain of a heavy-chain antibody (VHH) specifically binding to a sphingolipid of a fungus. Advantageously, the expression of the polynucleotide in at least part of the transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell (i) protects at least part of the transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell from an infection with a plant pathogenic fungus, (ii) inhibits the growth of a plant pathogenic fungus on at least part of the transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell, or (iii) increases the resistance of at least part of the transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell against a plant pathogenic fungus. This disclosure also relates to a method for protecting at least part of a plant or plant tissue or plant cell from an infection with a plant pathogen, for inhibiting the growth of a plant pathogen on at least part of a plant or plant tissue or plant cell, or for increasing pathogen resistance of at least part of a plant or plant tissue or plant cell, comprising expressing in at least part of the plant or plant tissue or plant cell at least one polynucleotide encoding a VHH specifically binding to a pathogen.

This disclosure relates to a transgenic plant or plant tissue. In particular, this disclosure relates to a transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell comprising at least one polynucleotide comprising at least one sequence encoding a variable domain of a heavy-chain antibody (VHH) specifically binding to a sphingolipid of a fungus. Advantageously, the expression of the polynucleotide in at least part of the transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell (i) protects at least part of the transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell from an infection with a plant pathogenic fungus, (ii) inhibits the growth of a plant pathogenic fungus on at least part of the transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell, or (iii) increases the resistance of at least part of the transgenic plant or plant tissue or plant cell against a plant pathogenic fungus. This disclosure also relates to a method for protecting at least part of a plant or plant tissue or plant cell from an infection with a plant pathogen, for inhibiting the growth of a plant pathogen on at least part of a plant or plant tissue or plant cell, or for increasing pathogen resistance of at least part of a plant or plant tissue or plant cell, comprising expressing in at least part of the plant or plant tissue or plant cell at least one polynucleotide encoding a VHH specifically binding to a pathogen.

An antibody preparation suitable for intravenous administration in humans includes IgG, IgA and at least 5% IgM antibodies by weight of the total amount of antibodies. The preparation is prepared from human plasma, has specific complement activating activity, and, in an in vitro assay with human serum suitable to determine the ability of the antibody preparation to activate complement unspecifically, the antibody preparation generates substantially no C5a and/or substantially no C3a. The antibody preparation can have medical uses.

An antibody preparation suitable for intravenous administration in humans includes IgG, IgA and at least 5% IgM antibodies by weight of the total amount of antibodies. The preparation is prepared from human plasma, has specific complement activating activity, and, in an in vitro assay with human serum suitable to determine the ability of the antibody preparation to activate complement unspecifically, the antibody preparation generates substantially no C5a and/or substantially no C3a. The antibody preparation can have medical uses.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising at least one polypeptide, which polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set out in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 51 or 101 to 111 or an amino acid sequence having at least about 80% sequence identify thereto and which polypeptide is capable of binding to a fungus. The invention further relates to a composition comprising at least one polypeptide, which polypeptide comprises a CDR1 region having the amino acid sequence set out in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 52 to 67 or 112 to 122, a CDR2 region having the amino acid sequence set out in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 68 to 83 or 123 to 133, and a CDR3 region having the amino acid sequence set out in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 84 to 100 or 134 to 144 and which polypeptide is capable of binding to a fungus. The compositions may be used as anti-fungal compositions.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising at least one polypeptide, which polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set out in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 51 or 101 to 111 or an amino acid sequence having at least about 80% sequence identify thereto and which polypeptide is capable of binding to a fungus. The invention further relates to a composition comprising at least one polypeptide, which polypeptide comprises a CDR1 region having the amino acid sequence set out in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 52 to 67 or 112 to 122, a CDR2 region having the amino acid sequence set out in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 68 to 83 or 123 to 133, and a CDR3 region having the amino acid sequence set out in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 84 to 100 or 134 to 144 and which polypeptide is capable of binding to a fungus. The compositions may be used as anti-fungal compositions.

Phycoerythrin (PE) and peptide:MHCII (p:MHCII) reactive monoclonal antibodies; methods to generate monoclonal antibodies including, for example, peptide:MHC (p:MHC) reactive monoclonal antibodies; compositions including monoclonal antibodies; and uses thereof.