The present invention provides a method capable of easily mixing any liquid containing a linking substance such as a divalent metal cation and the like with a liquid containing a particular compound at a high concentration, and capable of producing a liquid medium composition comprising fine structures dispersed therein, and a production device therefor and a kit therefor. The first liquid containing a particular compound is passed through a through-hole having a given cross-sectional area formed in a nozzle part at a given flow rate and injected into the second liquid at a given flow rate. By this simple operation, a structure in which the particular compound is bonded via the linking substance is formed, and the structure is preferably dispersed in a mixture of the both liquids.

A biopolymer is disclosed that comprises a polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), or a derivative or modification thereof, having a molecular weight in the range of 400 kDa to 3200 kDa, and an anionic and ampholytic heteropolysaccharide having sulfate and carboxyl groups and a molecular weight in the range of 14 MDa and 16 MDa, in which the polydeoxyribonucleotide and the heteropolysaccharide are crosslinked by genipin or an analogue or derivative thereof. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods of producing such biopolymer and uses thereof.

Methods for preparing saccharide products such as bacterial capsular polysaccharides are provided. The methods include: forming a reaction mixture containing one or more bacterial capsular polysaccharide synthases, a sugar acceptor, and one or more sugar donors; and maintaining the reaction mixture under conditions sufficient to form the bacterial capsular saccharide product. Vaccine compositions containing bacterial capsular saccharide products prepared according to the methods are also described.

Disclosed herein is a sphingan oligosaccharide composition, its uses, and a process for preparing the same.

The present invention relates a heteropolysaccharide characterized in that it is substantially composed of the monosaccharides glucose and galactose and rhamnose and N-acetylgalactosamine and a process for the production thereof. The invention further relates to a bacterium capable of producing said heteropolysaccharide and to the use of the heteropolysaccharide and the bacterium for improving the texture of fermented milk products.

A Dendrobium officinale oligosaccharide, a Dendrobium officinale oligosaccharide derivative and a preparation method and use thereof. The Dendrobium officinale oligosaccharide includes 3-9 glycoside residues and a glucose residue at a non-reducing end; the derivative thereof is obtained by substituting with a hydrophobic residue at the non-reducing end; the preparation method and use of both are also provided.

This invention relates to the use of S. pneumoniae protein antigens, such as NanA, PiuA and Sp0148, as carriers for immunogenic S. pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide. This may be useful for example in glycoconjugate vaccines able to generate a protective immune response against multiple capsular serotypes. Glycoconjugates, vaccine compositions and methods of manufacture and use are provided.

The present disclosure provides a heteropoly oligosaccharide and an application thereof in improving plant disease resistance. The heteropoly oligosaccharide includes seven D-glucose residues and one D-galactose residue. Each heteropoly oligosaccharide molecule comprises R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, R.sub.1 being H or a monomolecular pyruvate group, R.sub.2 being H or a monomolecular succinyl group, and the structure thereof is represented as follows:

The present invention provides capsular polysaccharides from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes identified using NMR. The present invention further provides polysaccharide-protein conjugates in which capsular polysaccharides from one or more of these serotypes are conjugated to a carrier protein such as CRM197. Polysaccharide-protein conjugates from one or more of these serotypes may be included in multivalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines having polysaccharides from multiple additional Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes.

A method for preparing an analytical sample for analyzing a glycan contained in a sample includes: performing a first reaction so that when sialic acid is linked to the glycan, sialic acid of a first linkage type is lactonized and modification different from lactonization is performed on sialic acid of a second linkage type different from the first linkage type; performing a second reaction to ring-open a lactone formed in the first reaction; and performing the first reaction again.