A method of forming a particle includes, in a disperse phase within an aqueous suspension, polymerizing a plurality of mer units of a hydrophilic monomer having a hydrophobic protection group, thereby forming a polymeric particle including a plurality of the hydrophobic protection groups. The method further includes converting the polymeric particle to a hydrophilic particle.

A method of forming a particle includes, in a disperse phase within an aqueous suspension, polymerizing a plurality of mer units of a hydrophilic monomer having a hydrophobic protection group, thereby forming a polymeric particle including a plurality of the hydrophobic protection groups. The method further includes converting the polymeric particle to a hydrophilic particle.

A method of synthesizing a water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite comprising mixing an aqueous suspension comprising optionally substituted azulene monomers and a dopant precursor such as polystyrene sulfonic acid with an oxidizing agent and a catalyst to form a doped poly(azulene) suspension wherein the poly(azulene)/dopant molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:6. The doped poly(azulene) suspension is then contacted with acidic and basic resins to remove the oxidizing agent and catalyst. The resulting suspension is then filtered through a membrane such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to afford a purified suspension comprising the water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite. A water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite comprising an optionally substituted poly(azulene) doped by a dopant such as polystyrene sulfonate wherein the poly(azulene)/dopant molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:6 is also disclosed.

A method of synthesizing a water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite comprising mixing an aqueous suspension comprising optionally substituted azulene monomers and a dopant precursor such as polystyrene sulfonic acid with an oxidizing agent and a catalyst to form a doped poly(azulene) suspension wherein the poly(azulene)/dopant molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:6. The doped poly(azulene) suspension is then contacted with acidic and basic resins to remove the oxidizing agent and catalyst. The resulting suspension is then filtered through a membrane such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to afford a purified suspension comprising the water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite. A water-dispersible conductive polymeric composite comprising an optionally substituted poly(azulene) doped by a dopant such as polystyrene sulfonate wherein the poly(azulene)/dopant molar ratio is 1:1 to 1:6 is also disclosed.

A method of forming a particle includes, in a disperse phase within an aqueous suspension, polymerizing a plurality of mer units of a hydrophilic monomer having a hydrophobic protection group, thereby forming a polymeric particle including a plurality of the hydrophobic protection groups. The method further includes converting the polymeric particle to a hydrophilic particle.

A method of forming a particle includes, in a disperse phase within an aqueous suspension, polymerizing a plurality of mer units of a hydrophilic monomer having a hydrophobic protection group, thereby forming a polymeric particle including a plurality of the hydrophobic protection groups. The method further includes converting the polymeric particle to a hydrophilic particle.

Provided is a method for producing a latex comprising hollow resin particles each with a high void ratio and a method for producing hollow resin particles each with a higher void ratio. In the method for producing the latex: a suspension treatment of the mixture liquid which comprises a monomer, a crosslinkable monomer, an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, a fat/fatty oil, a hydrocarbon solvent, a suspension stabilizer and an aqueous medium is carried out to prepare a suspension comprising monomer drops; a polymerization reaction of the suspension is carried out to prepare a precursor composition which comprises precursor particles each having a hollow portion including the hydrocarbon solvent.

Provided is a method for producing a latex comprising hollow resin particles each with a high void ratio and a method for producing hollow resin particles each with a higher void ratio. In the method for producing the latex: a suspension treatment of the mixture liquid which comprises a monomer, a crosslinkable monomer, an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, a fat/fatty oil, a hydrocarbon solvent, a suspension stabilizer and an aqueous medium is carried out to prepare a suspension comprising monomer drops; a polymerization reaction of the suspension is carried out to prepare a precursor composition which comprises precursor particles each having a hollow portion including the hydrocarbon solvent.

A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of purified polytetrafluoroethylene, the method including: removing or reducing a compound represented by Formula (1) or (2) below from an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene obtained using a hydrocarbon surfactant:
(H(CF.sub.2).sub.mCOO).sub.pM.sup.1; orFormula (1):
(H(CF.sub.2).sub.nSO.sub.3).sub.qM.sup.2.Formula (2): Also disclosed is a composition containing polytetrafluoroethylene substantially free from a compound represented by Formula (3) below and a molded body including the composition:
(H(CF.sub.2).sub.8SO.sub.3).sub.qM.sup.2.Formula (3):

A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of purified polytetrafluoroethylene, the method including: removing or reducing a compound represented by Formula (1) or (2) below from an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene obtained using a hydrocarbon surfactant:
(H(CF.sub.2).sub.mCOO).sub.pM.sup.1; orFormula (1):
(H(CF.sub.2).sub.nSO.sub.3).sub.qM.sup.2.Formula (2): Also disclosed is a composition containing polytetrafluoroethylene substantially free from a compound represented by Formula (3) below and a molded body including the composition:
(H(CF.sub.2).sub.8SO.sub.3).sub.qM.sup.2.Formula (3):