Polar silane linkers are provided that attach to resins to form silane-functionalized resins. The functionalized resins can be bound to hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica particles to improve the dispersibility of the silica particles in rubber mixtures. Further disclosed are synthetic routes to provide the silane-functionalized resins, as well as various uses and end products that benefit from the unexpected properties of the silane-functionalized resins. Silane-functionalized resins impart remarkable properties on various rubber compositions, such as tires, belts, hoses, brakes, and the like. Automobile tires incorporating the silane-functionalized resins are shown to possess excellent results in balancing the properties of rolling resistance, tire wear, and wet braking performance.

The present invention provides a tris (alkoxycarbonylamino) triazine (TACT) composition, coating composition comprising the same, and manufacturing method thereof. The tris (alkoxycarbonylamino) triazine composition comprises TACT and dibutyl carbonate (DBC); wherein the DBC ranges from 2 to 11 wt % of total weight of the composition. Through the usage of the coating composition comprising the composition of the present invention, the coating film surface of the coated object can have excellent film surface appearance.

The present invention provides a tris (alkoxycarbonylamino) triazine (TACT) composition, coating composition comprising the same, and manufacturing method thereof. The tris (alkoxycarbonylamino) triazine composition comprises TACT and dibutyl carbonate (DBC); wherein the DBC ranges from 2 to 11 wt % of total weight of the composition. Through the usage of the coating composition comprising the composition of the present invention, the coating film surface of the coated object can have excellent film surface appearance.

Pharmaceutical compositions for and methods of treating an animal, including a human, and methods of preparing such compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions contain nonabsorbable compositions and may be used, for example, to treat diseases or other metabolic conditions in which removal of protons, the conjugate base of a strong acid and/or a strong acid from the gastrointestinal tract would provide physiological benefits such as normalizing serum bicarbonate concentrations and the blood pH in an animal, including a human.

Pharmaceutical compositions for and methods of treating an animal, including a human, and methods of preparing such compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions contain nonabsorbable compositions and may be used, for example, to treat diseases or other metabolic conditions in which removal of protons, the conjugate base of a strong acid and/or a strong acid from the gastrointestinal tract would provide physiological benefits such as normalizing serum bicarbonate concentrations and the blood pH in an animal, including a human.

A vinyl thermosetting resin composition, a prepreg, a laminate, and a printed circuit board are provided. The vinyl thermosetting resin composition has a vinyl thermosetting resin, a curing agent, and hollow borosilicate microspheres with surfaces chemically modified by a vinyl polyphenylene ether resin. The laminate not only has excellent overall properties such as low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, low water absorption rate, good heat resistance, and the like, but also has only small fluctuations in dielectric constants between batches, which can satisfy the requirements for dielectric constant stability and/or thickness consistency of a substrate.

Provided is a zwitterionic polymer that has a zwitterion that includes an effect of improving the stability of proteins. This zwitterionic polymer is a polymeric protein stabilizer that exhibits a protein stabilizing effect even at a small addition amount of addition, and at the same time has an antioxidant capability. Also provided is a method for producing this zwitterionic polymer. This problem is solved by a zwitterionic polymer containing a repeating unit represented by formula (1) and having a number-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000. On formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom; linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbons; aromatic groups having 6 to 20 carbons; or alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbons and formed by linking R.sup.1 to R.sup.2. R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group).

Provided is a zwitterionic polymer that has a zwitterion that includes an effect of improving the stability of proteins. This zwitterionic polymer is a polymeric protein stabilizer that exhibits a protein stabilizing effect even at a small addition amount of addition, and at the same time has an antioxidant capability. Also provided is a method for producing this zwitterionic polymer. This problem is solved by a zwitterionic polymer containing a repeating unit represented by formula (1) and having a number-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000. On formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom; linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbons; aromatic groups having 6 to 20 carbons; or alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbons and formed by linking R.sup.1 to R.sup.2. R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group).

Provided is a zwitterionic polymer that has a zwitterion that includes an effect of improving the stability of proteins. This zwitterionic polymer is a polymeric protein stabilizer that exhibits a protein stabilizing effect even at a small addition amount of addition, and at the same time has an antioxidant capability. Also provided is a method for producing this zwitterionic polymer. This problem is solved by a zwitterionic polymer containing a repeating unit represented by formula (1) and having a number-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000. On formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom; linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbons; aromatic groups having 6 to 20 carbons; or alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbons and formed by linking R.sup.1 to R.sup.2. R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group).

Polar silane linkers are provided that attach to resins to form silane-functionalized resins. The functionalized resins can be bound to hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica particles to improve the dispersibility of the silica particles in rubber mixtures. Further disclosed are synthetic routes to provide the silane-functionalized resins, as well as various uses and end products that benefit from the unexpected properties of the silane-functionalized resins. Silane-functionalized resins impart remarkable properties on various rubber compositions, such as tires, belts, hoses, brakes, and the like. Automobile tires incorporating the silane-functionalized resins are shown to possess excellent results in balancing the properties of rolling resistance, tire wear, and wet braking performance.