Polar silane linkers are provided that attach to resins to form silane-functionalized resins. The functionalized resins can be bound to hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica particles to improve the dispersibility of the silica particles in rubber mixtures. Further disclosed are synthetic routes to provide the silane-functionalized resins, as well as various uses and end products that benefit from the unexpected properties of the silane-functionalized resins. Silane-functionalized resins impart remarkable properties on various rubber compositions, such as tires, belts, hoses, brakes, and the like. Automobile tires incorporating the silane-functionalized resins are shown to possess excellent results in balancing the properties of rolling resistance, tire wear, and wet braking performance.

Polar silane linkers are provided that attach to resins to form silane-functionalized resins. The functionalized resins can be bound to hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica particles to improve the dispersibility of the silica particles in rubber mixtures. Further disclosed are synthetic routes to provide the silane-functionalized resins, as well as various uses and end products that benefit from the unexpected properties of the silane-functionalized resins. Silane-functionalized resins impart remarkable properties on various rubber compositions, such as tires, belts, hoses, brakes, and the like. Automobile tires incorporating the silane-functionalized resins are shown to possess excellent results in balancing the properties of rolling resistance, tire wear, and wet braking performance.

Pharmaceutical compositions for and methods of treating an animal, including a human, and methods of preparing such compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions contain crosslinked amine polymers and may be used, for example, to treat diseases or other metabolic conditions in which removal of protons and/or chloride ions from the gastrointestinal tract would provide physiological benefits such as normalizing serum bicarbonate concentrations and the blood pH in an animal, including a human.

Pharmaceutical compositions for and methods of treating an animal, including a human, and methods of preparing such compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions contain crosslinked amine polymers and may be used, for example, to treat diseases or other metabolic conditions in which removal of protons and/or chloride ions from the gastrointestinal tract would provide physiological benefits such as normalizing serum bicarbonate concentrations and the blood pH in an animal, including a human.

Pharmaceutical compositions for and methods of treating an animal, including a human, and methods of preparing such compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions contain crosslinked amine polymers and may be used, for example, to treat diseases or other metabolic conditions in which removal of protons and/or chloride ions from the gastrointestinal tract would provide physiological benefits such as normalizing serum bicarbonate concentrations and the blood pH in an animal, including a human.

Provided is a polymer having antimicrobial and disinfecting properties against a wide range of kinds of germs. A polymer, including: a polymer chain having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1); and a partial structure (excluding the polymer chain) derived from a compound containing a group represented by —NH—. [In formula (1), R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Z represents a group forming an organic ammonium salt, —NR.sup.5R.sup.6 (where R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group), or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and X represents a single bond, or a divalent linking group.] ##STR00001##

Provided is a polymer having antimicrobial and disinfecting properties against a wide range of kinds of germs. A polymer, including: a polymer chain having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1); and a partial structure (excluding the polymer chain) derived from a compound containing a group represented by —NH—. [In formula (1), R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Z represents a group forming an organic ammonium salt, —NR.sup.5R.sup.6 (where R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group), or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and X represents a single bond, or a divalent linking group.] ##STR00001##

Provided is a polymer having antimicrobial and disinfecting properties against a wide range of kinds of germs. A polymer, including: a polymer chain having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1); and a partial structure (excluding the polymer chain) derived from a compound containing a group represented by —NH—. [In formula (1), R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Z represents a group forming an organic ammonium salt, —NR.sup.5R.sup.6 (where R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group), or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and X represents a single bond, or a divalent linking group.] ##STR00001##

Pharmaceutical compositions for and methods of treating an animal, including a human, and methods of preparing such compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions contain nonabsorbable compositions and may be used, for example, to treat diseases or other metabolic conditions in which removal of protons, the conjugate base of a strong acid and/or a strong acid from the gastrointestinal tract would provide physiological benefits such as normalizing serum bicarbonate concentrations and the blood pH in an animal, including a human.

Pharmaceutical compositions for and methods of treating an animal, including a human, and methods of preparing such compositions. The pharmaceutical compositions contain nonabsorbable compositions and may be used, for example, to treat diseases or other metabolic conditions in which removal of protons, the conjugate base of a strong acid and/or a strong acid from the gastrointestinal tract would provide physiological benefits such as normalizing serum bicarbonate concentrations and the blood pH in an animal, including a human.