A water-soluble film for a liquid detergent-packaging capsule does not cause discoloration, can prevent precipitate of inorganic salts such as sulfites and sulfates contained in the packaging capsule or the liquid detergent, can prevent whitening due to precipitate, can maintain the haptics of the packaging capsule containing the liquid detergent and keep a good appearance over time. A liquid detergent is sealed in the water-soluble film. The film contains an anionic-group modified polyvinyl alcohol resin, a plasticizer including glycerin and sorbitol at a mass ratio of 1:2.1 to 5.3, and a sulfite, and is characterized in that the total contained amount of the glycerin and the sorbitol is 21-39 parts by mass, and the contained amount of the sulfite is 0.1-1.9 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the anionic-group modified polyvinyl alcohol resin.

The invention is directed to synthetic food casings made from specific polyvinyl alcohol grades containing carbonyl groups, preferably in admixture with other polymers, as well as processes for using such synthetic food casings.

The invention is directed to synthetic food casings made from specific polyvinyl alcohol grades containing carbonyl groups, preferably in admixture with other polymers, as well as processes for using such synthetic food casings.

Methods for the synthesis of methyl 2-fluoroacrylate (MFA) are provided. The methods include use of various hydrofluorination agents using a variety of starting materials and reaction schemes. The methyl 2-fluoroacrylate prepared by the methods described herein can further be used to prepare patiromer calcium sorbitex.

Methods for the synthesis of methyl 2-fluoroacrylate (MFA) are provided. The methods include use of various hydrofluorination agents using a variety of starting materials and reaction schemes. The methyl 2-fluoroacrylate prepared by the methods described herein can further be used to prepare patiromer calcium sorbitex.

A PVA film containing PVA that does not increase carbon dioxide existing in the global environment or has a small increase amount even when carbon dioxide is generated by a biodegradation treatment or an incineration treatment. A polyvinyl alcohol resin film having a polyvinyl alcohol resin with an abundance ratio of carbon 14 in total carbon constituting the polyvinyl alcohol resin of 1.0×10.sup.−4 or more. A method for discriminating a polyvinyl alcohol resin film, the method including discriminating a polyvinyl alcohol resin film containing a polyvinyl alcohol resin (Ab) in which at least part of the carbon is derived from bio-derived ethylene.

A primary amine polymer aerogel comprising greater than 5 wt. % of primary amine monomers covalently bound to cross-linking monomers, wherein the primary amine monomers are selected from vinyl amine. A secondary amine polymer aerogel comprising secondary amine monomers covalently bound to cross-linking monomers, the secondary amine monomers being a result of substituting a hydrogen atom from a primary amine polymer aerogel, the primary amine polymer aerogel comprising vinyl amine monomers covalently bound to the cross-linking monomers. A tertiary amine polymer aerogel comprising tertiary amine monomers covalently bound to cross-linking monomers, the tertiary amine monomers being a result of substituting hydrogen atoms from a primary amine polymer aerogel, the primary amine polymer aerogel comprising vinyl amine monomers covalently bound to the cross-linking monomers.

Provided are a binder for a secondary battery, a negative electrode including the same, and a secondary battery including the same. More particularly, the binder for a secondary battery including a crosslinked product of a copolymer with a silane-based crosslinking agent according to the present invention may have excellent thermal resistance and mechanical properties and effectively improve a binding force, and the negative electrode for a secondary battery and the secondary battery including the same may effectively suppress expansion of a negative electrode to improve charge/discharge cycle characteristics and performance of the secondary battery.

Provided are a binder for a secondary battery, a negative electrode including the same, and a secondary battery including the same. More particularly, the binder for a secondary battery including a crosslinked product of a copolymer with a silane-based crosslinking agent according to the present invention may have excellent thermal resistance and mechanical properties and effectively improve a binding force, and the negative electrode for a secondary battery and the secondary battery including the same may effectively suppress expansion of a negative electrode to improve charge/discharge cycle characteristics and performance of the secondary battery.

Provided are a binder for a secondary battery, a negative electrode including the same, and a secondary battery including the same. More particularly, the binder for a secondary battery prepared by reacting a copolymer including specific repeating units and a crosslinking agent including two or more aldehyde groups has excellent mechanical properties and effectively improves a binding force. The negative electrode and the secondary battery including the binder for a secondary battery effectively suppress expansion of a negative electrode to manufacture a secondary battery having excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics and battery performance.