In various embodiments, the present invention is directed to a centrally-functionalizable living cationic polymer or copolymer having a centrally-substituted tetraene group having the formula ##STR00001##
wherein each R is selected from the group consisting of a polymer or a copolymer, such as a polyisobutylene polymer or a poly(isobutylene-b-styrene) copolymer.

Nanoparticles of N-halamine-derivatized crosslinked polyamide. Process of preparing the polymeric nanoparticles per se and incorporated in or on a substrate. Uses of the polymeric nanoparticles and of substrates incorporating same, particularly for reducing a formation of organic-based contaminants, e.g., load of a microorganism or of a biofilm.

Nanoparticles of N-halamine-derivatized crosslinked polyamide. Process of preparing the polymeric nanoparticles per se and incorporated in or on a substrate. Uses of the polymeric nanoparticles and of substrates incorporating same, particularly for reducing a formation of organic-based contaminants, e.g., load of a microorganism or of a biofilm.

The present invention discloses novel calibrants containing between 1 and 5 iodine atoms and methods of making them using linear polymers, hyperbranched polymers, and biological polymers (including but not limited to proteins and peptides.) Methods of using the calibrants are also disclosed, such as mass spectrometry. The novel calibrants disclosed herein have a more cost- and time-efficient synthesis than other calibrants.

The present invention discloses novel calibrants containing between 1 and 5 iodine atoms and methods of making them using linear polymers, hyperbranched polymers, and biological polymers (including but not limited to proteins and peptides.) Methods of using the calibrants are also disclosed, such as mass spectrometry. The novel calibrants disclosed herein have a more cost- and time-efficient synthesis than other calibrants.

In one or more embodiments, the present invention provides an way to modify the isoprene unit using an alder-ene reaction to form thermoset compounds comprising the resultant electron-deficient, readily crosslinkable polyisobutylene-based rubber that avoids the use of corrosive bromine or chlorine to make the activated butyl rubber, is easier to crosslink than the halobutyls, allows crosslinking with a simple organic base or a peroxide, and has mechanical properties as good as or better than sulfur crosslinked butyl rubbers.

In one or more embodiments, the present invention provides an way to modify the isoprene unit using an alder-ene reaction to form thermoset compounds comprising the resultant electron-deficient, readily crosslinkable polyisobutylene-based rubber that avoids the use of corrosive bromine or chlorine to make the activated butyl rubber, is easier to crosslink than the halobutyls, allows crosslinking with a simple organic base or a peroxide, and has mechanical properties as good as or better than sulfur crosslinked butyl rubbers.

A method for producing a (meth)acryloyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer includes a step 1 of polymerizing an isobutylene monomer under the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to prepare a halogen-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (B), a step 2 of reacting the halogen-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (B) with a compound (C) having a halogen group and a phenoxy group under the presence a Lewis acid catalyst to prepare a halogenated phenoxyalkyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (D), and a step 3 of reacting the halogenated phenoxyalkyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (D) with an acrylic acid compound (E) to prepare the (meth)acryloyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (A).

A method for producing a (meth)acryloyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer includes a step 1 of polymerizing an isobutylene monomer under the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to prepare a halogen-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (B), a step 2 of reacting the halogen-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (B) with a compound (C) having a halogen group and a phenoxy group under the presence a Lewis acid catalyst to prepare a halogenated phenoxyalkyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (D), and a step 3 of reacting the halogenated phenoxyalkyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (D) with an acrylic acid compound (E) to prepare the (meth)acryloyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (A).

A method for producing a (meth)acryloyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer includes a step 1 of polymerizing an isobutylene monomer under the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to prepare a halogen-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (B), a step 2 of reacting the halogen-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (B) with a compound (C) having a halogen group and a phenoxy group under the presence a Lewis acid catalyst to prepare a halogenated phenoxyalkyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (D), and a step 3 of reacting the halogenated phenoxyalkyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (D) with an acrylic acid compound (E) to prepare the (meth)acryloyl-terminated polyisobutylene polymer (A).