The present invention provides a method to prepare polymer materials with interlocked porous structures by freezing and demulsification, which includes: (1) Preparing an emulsion containing uncrosslinked polymers and crosslinking agents. The uncrosslinked polymers are presented in the organic phase, and the crosslinking agents are presented in the organic phase or water phase. Under freezing, the demulsification is occurred which leads to the interaction between polymers and crosslinking agents, and the crosslinked materials are obtained. (2) After removing the ice crystals, polymer materials with interlocked porous structures are synthesized. The method provided by the present invention is simple to operate, and can well adjust the porous structures of obtained porous polymer materials. In addition, it is suitable for large scale manufacturing. At the same time, this process can form different functional porous polymer materials by simply changing the used monomers. Particularly, it can prepare melt-blown fabrics with antibacterial property, high-throughput vertical porous structures and high-temperature sterilizable feature, therefore, it can be used to manufacture medical products such as masks.

There is provided a method for producing a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin, comprising step (A) of acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol particles swollen with a solvent capable of swelling the polyvinyl alcohol particles by reacting them with a carbonyl compound and/or an acetalized carbonyl compound in the presence of the solvent, wherein a content of an organic solvent in the solvent is 5% by mass or more.

There is provided a method for producing a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin, comprising step (A) of acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol particles swollen with a solvent capable of swelling the polyvinyl alcohol particles by reacting them with a carbonyl compound and/or an acetalized carbonyl compound in the presence of the solvent, wherein a content of an organic solvent in the solvent is 5% by mass or more.

Disclosed is a sulfur-based electrode active material with which a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that has a large capacity and exhibits less deterioration of the cycle characteristics can be obtained even when an electrode is employed in which the sulfur-based electrode active material is used as an electrode active material and an aluminum foil is used as a current collector. Also disclosed is a method for producing an organosulfur electrode active material, including a step of obtaining an organosulfur compound by heat-treating an organic compound and sulfur and a step of treating the organosulfur compound with a basic compound. The organosulfur compound is preferably sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile, and the basic compound is preferably ammonia. The organosulfur compound may be treated with the basic compound after the organosulfur compound is ground, or may be ground in a medium that contains the basic compound.

Provided is a carrier which has excellent pressure resistance, and even when a protein ligand is not immobilized thereon, has a high dynamic binding capacity to a target substance, and has a high performance of separating a target substance from a biological sample.

The carrier includes a polymer having a crosslinked structure containing a divalent group represented by the following Formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 independently represent a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, X represents a thio group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an oxy group, >N(—R.sup.31), >Si(—R.sup.32).sub.2, >P(—R.sup.33), >P(═O)(—R.sup.34), >B(—R.sup.35), or >C(—R.sup.36).sub.2 (R.sup.31 to R.sup.36 independently represent a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group), and * represents a bond, with a proviso that when both R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom, and when both R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom.

Provided is a carrier which has excellent pressure resistance, and even when a protein ligand is not immobilized thereon, has a high dynamic binding capacity to a target substance, and has a high performance of separating a target substance from a biological sample.

The carrier includes a polymer having a crosslinked structure containing a divalent group represented by the following Formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 independently represent a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, X represents a thio group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an oxy group, >N(—R.sup.31), >Si(—R.sup.32).sub.2, >P(—R.sup.33), >P(═O)(—R.sup.34), >B(—R.sup.35), or >C(—R.sup.36).sub.2 (R.sup.31 to R.sup.36 independently represent a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group), and * represents a bond, with a proviso that when both R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom, and when both R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom.

Provided is a carrier which has excellent pressure resistance, and even when a protein ligand is not immobilized thereon, has a high dynamic binding capacity to a target substance, and has a high performance of separating a target substance from a biological sample.

The carrier includes a polymer having a crosslinked structure containing a divalent group represented by the following Formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 independently represent a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, X represents a thio group, a sulfinyl group, a sulfonyl group, an oxy group, >N(—R.sup.31), >Si(—R.sup.32).sub.2, >P(—R.sup.33), >P(═O)(—R.sup.34), >B(—R.sup.35), or >C(—R.sup.36).sub.2 (R.sup.31 to R.sup.36 independently represent a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group), and * represents a bond, with a proviso that when both R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom, and when both R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are a divalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 may form a ring together with an adjacent carbon atom.

The present disclosure relates to polymers which contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic segment which is sensitive to pH. In some aspects, the polymers form a micelle which is sensitive to pH and results in a change in fluorescence based upon the particular pH. In some aspects, the disclosure also provides methods of using the polymers for the imaging of cellular or extracellular environment or delivering a drug.

The present disclosure relates to polymers which contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic segment which is sensitive to pH. In some aspects, the polymers form a micelle which is sensitive to pH and results in a change in fluorescence based upon the particular pH. In some aspects, the disclosure also provides methods of using the polymers for the imaging of cellular or extracellular environment or delivering a drug.

An oligomeric resin adduct, compositions comprising the oligomeric resinadduct, and process for making oligomeric resin adduct, wherein the the process includes charging into a reactor a mixture including a vinylic monomer that includes a styrenic monomer, a (meth)acrylic monomer, or a mixture thereof; a polymerization initiator; and optionally a reaction solvent; maintaining the reactor at a temperature sufficient to produce an oligomeric resin from the vinylic monomer; maintaining the vinylic monomer, the polymerization initiator, and optionally the reaction solvent at a sufficient amount to produce the oligomeric resin, wherein the oligomeric resin contains at least one terminal olefinic unsaturation; and reacting the oligomeric resin with a compound of Formula I, Formula II, or a mixture thereof as defined herein.