A polymer complex is disclosed which is the reaction product of one or more polymers having a terminal or pendant hydroxyl group, or a terminal or pendent carboxyl group, or combinations thereof, with at least one metal complex and one alkyl phosphate. This polymer complex acts as an adhesion promotion agent as well as a viscosity stabilizer when formulated in a printing ink or coating.

A method for cleaving a coordinate bond of a complex polymer that contains at least one polymer chain and a plurality of nitrogen- and/or phosphorus-containing functional groups which are bonded to the polymer chain and capable of forming coordinate bonds, wherein the coordinately-bondable nitrogen- and/or phosphorus-containing functional groups form a coordinate bond via a metal ion, characterized in that the method includes dissolving the complex polymer in a solvent containing a free ligand, to cleave the coordinate bond.

A process for synthesizing phosphoramidites by immobilizing a phosphitylating agent on an activated resin to create a loaded resin and then bringing the loaded resin into contact with a suitable substrate. The phosphoramidites are synthesized within minutes from applying the starting materials. Thus, the process makes it possible to create specific phosphoramidites on-demand as they are needed in further applications. The substrates to be applied are mostly nucleosides, thus to create nucleoside phosphoramidites for subsequent oligonucleotide synthesis.

A process for synthesizing phosphoramidites by immobilizing a phosphitylating agent on an activated resin to create a loaded resin and then bringing the loaded resin into contact with a suitable substrate. The phosphoramidites are synthesized within minutes from applying the starting materials. Thus, the process makes it possible to create specific phosphoramidites on-demand as they are needed in further applications. The substrates to be applied are mostly nucleosides, thus to create nucleoside phosphoramidites for subsequent oligonucleotide synthesis.

A method for preparing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer is provided. The method is characterized in adding a polyoxyethylene phosphate ester-based compound having a specific structure together with sulfur chloride modifier during modification, by which modification reproducibility may be markedly improved, stable process may be performed, the changing degree of the physical properties, specifically a Mooney viscosity increasing ratio and the degree of branching of a modified conjugated diene-based polymer according to modification conditions may be anticipated, and the changing degree of a Mooney viscosity increasing ratio and the degree of branching may be easily controlled by controlling modification conditions.

A method for preparing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer is provided. The method is characterized in adding a polyoxyethylene phosphate ester-based compound having a specific structure together with sulfur chloride modifier during modification, by which modification reproducibility may be markedly improved, stable process may be performed, the changing degree of the physical properties, specifically a Mooney viscosity increasing ratio and the degree of branching of a modified conjugated diene-based polymer according to modification conditions may be anticipated, and the changing degree of a Mooney viscosity increasing ratio and the degree of branching may be easily controlled by controlling modification conditions.

Macroparticulates may be formed through at least partial self-assembly by reacting an epoxide-containing (meth)acrylic polymer or copolymer with a compound bearing a nitrogen nucleophile, such as iminodiacetic acid or ethylenediamine. When the epoxide-containing (meth)acrylic polymer or copolymer is formed into a predetermined shape before reaction with the compound bearing the nitrogen nucleophile, a profile of the predetermined shape may be at least partially maintained and undergo expansion in the course of forming the reaction product, thereby producing macroparticulates having a larger volume than the predetermined shape itself. An internal cavity may be formed when generating the macroparticulates in this manner. Optionally, a hexasubstituted benzene or a supramolecular receptor may be adhered to a surface portion of the macroparticulates, either covalently or non-covalently. The compound bearing a nitrogen nucleophile may be further modified to form one or more functionalities capable of binding an analyte.

Macroparticulates may be formed through at least partial self-assembly by reacting an epoxide-containing (meth)acrylic polymer or copolymer with a compound bearing a nitrogen nucleophile, such as iminodiacetic acid or ethylenediamine. When the epoxide-containing (meth)acrylic polymer or copolymer is formed into a predetermined shape before reaction with the compound bearing the nitrogen nucleophile, a profile of the predetermined shape may be at least partially maintained and undergo expansion in the course of forming the reaction product, thereby producing macroparticulates having a larger volume than the predetermined shape itself. An internal cavity may be formed when generating the macroparticulates in this manner. Optionally, a hexasubstituted benzene or a supramolecular receptor may be adhered to a surface portion of the macroparticulates, either covalently or non-covalently. The compound bearing a nitrogen nucleophile may be further modified to form one or more functionalities capable of binding an analyte.

Macroparticulates may be formed through at least partial self-assembly by reacting an epoxide-containing (meth)acrylic polymer or copolymer with a compound bearing a nitrogen nucleophile. An internal cavity may be formed when functionalizing the (meth)acrylic polymer or copolymer in the presence of a hindered amine base. When appropriately functionalized, the macroparticulates may be used to sequester a contaminant from a substance in need of contaminant remediation, such as produced water or flowback water from a wellbore job site. Reclaimed water obtained from the macroparticulates may be utilized to form a treatment fluid. The macroparticulates may be located within a continuous flow line, particularly within a removable cartridge, to promote removal of at least one contaminant from a substance in need of contaminant remediation. The substance in need of contaminant remediation and/or the macroparticulates may be visually or spectroscopically interrogated to determine whether the macroparticulates have become saturated with contaminant.

Macroparticulates may be formed through at least partial self-assembly by reacting an epoxide-containing (meth)acrylic polymer or copolymer with a compound bearing a nitrogen nucleophile. An internal cavity may be formed when functionalizing the (meth)acrylic polymer or copolymer in the presence of a hindered amine base. When appropriately functionalized, the macroparticulates may be used to sequester a contaminant from a substance in need of contaminant remediation, such as produced water or flowback water from a wellbore job site. Reclaimed water obtained from the macroparticulates may be utilized to form a treatment fluid. The macroparticulates may be located within a continuous flow line, particularly within a removable cartridge, to promote removal of at least one contaminant from a substance in need of contaminant remediation. The substance in need of contaminant remediation and/or the macroparticulates may be visually or spectroscopically interrogated to determine whether the macroparticulates have become saturated with contaminant.