A rubber composition for tires of the present technology contains a diene rubber, silica, a silane coupling agent, a fatty acid metal salt, and a predetermined alkyltrialkoxysilane; the diene rubber containing 60 mass % or greater of a modified conjugated diene rubber and 30 mass % or greater of a particular conjugated diene rubber which corresponds to a part or all of the modified conjugated diene rubber; an average glass transition temperature of the diene rubber being from −45 to −20° C.; the particular conjugated diene rubber being a conjugated diene rubber produced by a particular production method and having predetermined ranges of aromatic vinyl unit content, vinyl bond content, and weight average molecular weight.

Provided is a polyfunctional vinyl aromatic copolymer having reactivity and solubility that can be used for manufacturing a copolymer rubber and a copolymer rubber material having processability, strength and homogeneity obtained therefrom. The polyfunctional vinyl aromatic copolymer includes: 0.5 mol % or more and 40 mol % or less of a structural unit (a) derived from a divinyl aromatic compound and 60 mol % or more and 99.5 mol % or less of a structural unit (b) derived from a monovinyl aromatic compound, in which at least some of the structural units (a) are a crosslinked structural unit (a2) represented by the following Formula (2) and a vinyl-group-containing structural unit (a1) represented by the following Formula (1):

##STR00001##

in the formulas, R.sup.1's independently represent an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.

Provided is a polyfunctional vinyl aromatic copolymer having reactivity and solubility that can be used for manufacturing a copolymer rubber and a copolymer rubber material having processability, strength and homogeneity obtained therefrom. The polyfunctional vinyl aromatic copolymer includes: 0.5 mol % or more and 40 mol % or less of a structural unit (a) derived from a divinyl aromatic compound and 60 mol % or more and 99.5 mol % or less of a structural unit (b) derived from a monovinyl aromatic compound, in which at least some of the structural units (a) are a crosslinked structural unit (a2) represented by the following Formula (2) and a vinyl-group-containing structural unit (a1) represented by the following Formula (1):

##STR00001##

in the formulas, R.sup.1's independently represent an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.

[Objects] Provided is an ionomer resin composition that, when molded into a film shape, is small in both of orientational birefringence and photoelastic birefringence and excellent in transparency, heat resistance, flexibility, and size stability. Additionally, provided are an optical film including the ionomer resin composition, a polarizing plate including the optical film, and a liquid crystal display apparatus including the same. [Solution] An ionomer resin composition according to the present invention is an ionomer resin composition obtained by reacting an acrylic thermoplastic resin (X) including a chain alkyl (meth)acrylate unit (a), an N-substituted maleimide unit (b), and an unsaturated acid and/or unsaturated acid anhydride unit (c) with a metal compound (Y), in which the acrylic thermoplastic resin (X) includes the chain alkyl (meth)acrylate unit (a), the N-substituted maleimide unit (b), and the unsaturated acid and/or unsaturated acid anhydride unit (c) in a total amount of 80% by mass or more, and contents of the structural units (a), (b), and (c) with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the acrylic thermoplastic resin (X) except for the unsaturated acid and/or unsaturated acid anhydride unit (c) are from 65 to 87 parts by mass, from 1 to 30 parts by mass, and from 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, respectively.

[Objects] Provided is an ionomer resin composition that, when molded into a film shape, is small in both of orientational birefringence and photoelastic birefringence and excellent in transparency, heat resistance, flexibility, and size stability. Additionally, provided are an optical film including the ionomer resin composition, a polarizing plate including the optical film, and a liquid crystal display apparatus including the same. [Solution] An ionomer resin composition according to the present invention is an ionomer resin composition obtained by reacting an acrylic thermoplastic resin (X) including a chain alkyl (meth)acrylate unit (a), an N-substituted maleimide unit (b), and an unsaturated acid and/or unsaturated acid anhydride unit (c) with a metal compound (Y), in which the acrylic thermoplastic resin (X) includes the chain alkyl (meth)acrylate unit (a), the N-substituted maleimide unit (b), and the unsaturated acid and/or unsaturated acid anhydride unit (c) in a total amount of 80% by mass or more, and contents of the structural units (a), (b), and (c) with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the acrylic thermoplastic resin (X) except for the unsaturated acid and/or unsaturated acid anhydride unit (c) are from 65 to 87 parts by mass, from 1 to 30 parts by mass, and from 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, respectively.

A laminated glass may be obtained by integrally bonding glass sheets through an adhesive, the adhesive comprising a hydrogenated block copolymer obtained by introducing an alkoxysilyl group into a hydrogenated block copolymer that is obtained by hydrogenating unsaturated bonds of a block copolymer that comprises at least two polymer blocks and at least one polymer block, the polymer block comprising a repeating unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound as a main component, the polymer block comprising a repeating unit derived from a linear conjugated diene compound as a main component, and a ratio (wA:wB) of a weight fraction wA of the polymer block in the block copolymer to a weight fraction wB of the polymer block in the block copolymer being 30:70 to 60:40. The laminated glass may employ a block copolymer hydrogenation product comprising an alkoxysilyl group and excellent light-fastness, heat resistance, moisture resistance and transparency.

A laminated glass may be obtained by integrally bonding glass sheets through an adhesive, the adhesive comprising a hydrogenated block copolymer obtained by introducing an alkoxysilyl group into a hydrogenated block copolymer that is obtained by hydrogenating unsaturated bonds of a block copolymer that comprises at least two polymer blocks and at least one polymer block, the polymer block comprising a repeating unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound as a main component, the polymer block comprising a repeating unit derived from a linear conjugated diene compound as a main component, and a ratio (wA:wB) of a weight fraction wA of the polymer block in the block copolymer to a weight fraction wB of the polymer block in the block copolymer being 30:70 to 60:40. The laminated glass may employ a block copolymer hydrogenation product comprising an alkoxysilyl group and excellent light-fastness, heat resistance, moisture resistance and transparency.

A laminated glass may be obtained by integrally bonding glass sheets through an adhesive, the adhesive comprising a hydrogenated block copolymer obtained by introducing an alkoxysilyl group into a hydrogenated block copolymer that is obtained by hydrogenating unsaturated bonds of a block copolymer that comprises at least two polymer blocks and at least one polymer block, the polymer block comprising a repeating unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound as a main component, the polymer block comprising a repeating unit derived from a linear conjugated diene compound as a main component, and a ratio (wA:wB) of a weight fraction wA of the polymer block in the block copolymer to a weight fraction wB of the polymer block in the block copolymer being 30:70 to 60:40. The laminated glass may employ a block copolymer hydrogenation product comprising an alkoxysilyl group and excellent light-fastness, heat resistance, moisture resistance and transparency.

Methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles are provided. The method may include flowing a first component of the core into a reaction chamber; flowing a polymeric material into the reaction chamber; and flowing a second component of the core into the reaction chamber such that the first component reacts with the second component to form a core. The polymeric material forms a polymeric shell around the core.

Methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles are provided. The method may include flowing a first component of the core into a reaction chamber; flowing a polymeric material into the reaction chamber; and flowing a second component of the core into the reaction chamber such that the first component reacts with the second component to form a core. The polymeric material forms a polymeric shell around the core.