A polymerization process includes contacting an ethylene feed containing ethylene monomers with a catalyst feed containing a hafnium-based or zirconium-based single-site catalyst in a solution so as to polymerize the ethylene monomers into long-chain branched high density polyethylene having on average a long-chain branch/polymer chain less than 10 and greater than 0.25. A polymerization composition includes ethylene; a hafnium-based or zirconium-based single-site catalyst; and a long-chain branched high density polyethylene polymerization product, where the long-chain branched high density polyethylene has on average a long-chain branch/polymer chain less than 10 and greater than 0.25; and where at least one of the ethylene, the catalyst, and the product is in solution.

A polymerization process includes contacting an ethylene feed containing ethylene monomers with a catalyst feed containing a hafnium-based or zirconium-based single-site catalyst in a solution so as to polymerize the ethylene monomers into long-chain branched high density polyethylene having on average a long-chain branch/polymer chain less than 10 and greater than 0.25. A polymerization composition includes ethylene; a hafnium-based or zirconium-based single-site catalyst; and a long-chain branched high density polyethylene polymerization product, where the long-chain branched high density polyethylene has on average a long-chain branch/polymer chain less than 10 and greater than 0.25; and where at least one of the ethylene, the catalyst, and the product is in solution.

A polymerization process includes contacting an ethylene feed containing ethylene monomers with a catalyst feed containing a hafnium-based or zirconium-based single-site catalyst in a solution so as to polymerize the ethylene monomers into long-chain branched high density polyethylene having on average a long-chain branch/polymer chain less than 10 and greater than 0.25. A polymerization composition includes ethylene; a hafnium-based or zirconium-based single-site catalyst; and a long-chain branched high density polyethylene polymerization product, where the long-chain branched high density polyethylene has on average a long-chain branch/polymer chain less than 10 and greater than 0.25; and where at least one of the ethylene, the catalyst, and the product is in solution.

Provided are an apparatus and a method for manufacturing high-pressure method low-density polyethylene, the apparatus and the method having excellent characteristics that the amount of smoke generated during processing of a polyethylene to be obtained is small, and the number of fish eyes contained in a film formed from the polyethylene is small. An apparatus for manufacturing high pressure method polyethylene includes: an ethylene supply line that is a line branched from a high pressure recycle ethylene line and connected to a recycle ethylene holding drum for decompressing high pressure recycle ethylene from the high pressure recycle ethylene line and supplying the decompressed recycle ethylene to the recycle ethylene holding drum; and the recycle ethylene holding drum that is a drum for holding the decompressed recycle ethylene through the ethylene supply line.

Provided are an apparatus and a method for manufacturing high-pressure method low-density polyethylene, the apparatus and the method having excellent characteristics that the amount of smoke generated during processing of a polyethylene to be obtained is small, and the number of fish eyes contained in a film formed from the polyethylene is small. An apparatus for manufacturing high pressure method polyethylene includes: an ethylene supply line that is a line branched from a high pressure recycle ethylene line and connected to a recycle ethylene holding drum for decompressing high pressure recycle ethylene from the high pressure recycle ethylene line and supplying the decompressed recycle ethylene to the recycle ethylene holding drum; and the recycle ethylene holding drum that is a drum for holding the decompressed recycle ethylene through the ethylene supply line.

The invention is directed to a method for attaching nanomaterials containing hexagonal lattices to polymer surfaces. For example, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be attached to polycarbonate, polyethylene, or epoxy surfaces by amination of the polymer surface, functionalization of the surfaces of CNTs with ester groups, and reacting the aminated surface of the polymer with the ester groups of the functionalized surfaces of the CNTs in an organic solvent to chemically bind the CNTs to the polymer surface.

The invention is directed to a method for attaching nanomaterials containing hexagonal lattices to polymer surfaces. For example, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be attached to polycarbonate, polyethylene, or epoxy surfaces by amination of the polymer surface, functionalization of the surfaces of CNTs with ester groups, and reacting the aminated surface of the polymer with the ester groups of the functionalized surfaces of the CNTs in an organic solvent to chemically bind the CNTs to the polymer surface.

A solid catalyst component for the homopolymerization or copolymerization of olefins, made from or containing Ti, Mg, halogen, and at least one non-aromatic diazo compounds.

A solid catalyst component for the homopolymerization or copolymerization of olefins, made from or containing Ti, Mg, halogen, and at least one non-aromatic diazo compounds.

A borate compound-composition may contain soluble in hydrocarbon solvents and useful as a cocatalyst for solution polymerization of olefins or dienes. A composition containing a compound of formula (1)

##STR00001##

and
a compound of formula (4):

##STR00002##

wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, which is useful as a cocatalyst for polymerization of olefins or dienes, and a production method thereof can be provided.