A method of assembling an apparatus for containing reagents for a chemical reaction. The apparatus includes an elongate housing and a receptacle. The elongate housing may include a cooling means, and end fittings which may include ports where fluids may be introduced and/or removed. Specifically, the method relates to the securement of a receptacle relative to the outwardly facing surface of the housing.

A method of assembling an apparatus for containing reagents for a chemical reaction. The apparatus includes an elongate housing and a receptacle. The elongate housing may include a cooling means, and end fittings which may include ports where fluids may be introduced and/or removed. Specifically, the method relates to the securement of a receptacle relative to the outwardly facing surface of the housing.

The current disclosure relates to an apparatus and a process for producing poly-?-olefins (PAO), including reacting olefin monomers in a presence of a catalyst complex to form PAO product. The reaction is performed in a reaction including a reactor vessel and a system for recycling and cooling part of reactor outlet stream. At least one reactor is a cone reactor with a first cross sectional area in an upper part of the vessel and the cross sectional area decreases downwards to a second cross sectional area, which is smaller than the first cross sectional area.

The current disclosure relates to an apparatus and a process for producing poly-?-olefins (PAO), including reacting olefin monomers in a presence of a catalyst complex to form PAO product. The reaction is performed in a reaction including a reactor vessel and a system for recycling and cooling part of reactor outlet stream. At least one reactor is a cone reactor with a first cross sectional area in an upper part of the vessel and the cross sectional area decreases downwards to a second cross sectional area, which is smaller than the first cross sectional area.

The present disclosure provides borate or aluminate activators comprising cations having linear alkyl groups, catalyst systems comprising, and methods for polymerizing olefins using such activators. Specifically, the present disclosure provides activator compounds represented by Formula: [R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3EH].sub.d.sup.+[M.sup.k+Q.sub.n].sup.d-, wherein: E is nitrogen or phosphorous; d is 1, 2 or 3; k is 1, 2, or 3; n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; nk=d; R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-C.sub.20 linear alkyl group; each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.40 linear alkyl group, a meta- and/or para-substituted phenyl group, an alkoxy group, a silyl group, a halogen, or a halogen containing group, wherein R.sup.1+R.sup.2+R.sup.315 carbon atoms; M is an element selected from group 13, typically B or Al; and each Q is independently a hydride, bridged or unbridged dialkylamido, halide, alkoxide, aryloxide, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, substituted halocarbyl, or halosubstituted-hydrocarbyl radical, provided that when Q is a fluorophenyl group, then R.sup.2 is not a C.sub.1-C.sub.40 linear alkyl group.

The present disclosure provides borate or aluminate activators comprising cations having linear alkyl groups, catalyst systems comprising, and methods for polymerizing olefins using such activators. Specifically, the present disclosure provides activator compounds represented by Formula: [R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3EH].sub.d.sup.+[M.sup.k+Q.sub.n].sup.d-, wherein: E is nitrogen or phosphorous; d is 1, 2 or 3; k is 1, 2, or 3; n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; nk=d; R.sup.1 is C.sub.1-C.sub.20 linear alkyl group; each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.40 linear alkyl group, a meta- and/or para-substituted phenyl group, an alkoxy group, a silyl group, a halogen, or a halogen containing group, wherein R.sup.1+R.sup.2+R.sup.315 carbon atoms; M is an element selected from group 13, typically B or Al; and each Q is independently a hydride, bridged or unbridged dialkylamido, halide, alkoxide, aryloxide, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, substituted halocarbyl, or halosubstituted-hydrocarbyl radical, provided that when Q is a fluorophenyl group, then R.sup.2 is not a C.sub.1-C.sub.40 linear alkyl group.

The present disclosure provides borate activators comprising cations having linear alkyl groups, catalyst systems comprising, and processes for polymerizing olefins using such activators. Specifically, the present disclosure provides polymerization activator compounds which may be prepared in, and which are soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbon and alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents.

The present disclosure provides borate activators comprising cations having linear alkyl groups, catalyst systems comprising, and processes for polymerizing olefins using such activators. Specifically, the present disclosure provides polymerization activator compounds which may be prepared in, and which are soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbon and alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents.

The present disclosure provides borate or aluminate activators comprising cations having branched alkyl groups, catalyst systems comprising, and methods for polymerizing olefins using such activators. Specifically, the present disclosure provides activator compounds represented by Formula: [R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3EH].sub.d.sup.+[M.sup.k+Q.sub.n].sup.d, wherein: E is nitrogen or phosphorous; d is 1, 2 or 3; k is 1, 2, or 3; n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; nk=d; each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently C.sub.1-C.sub.40 branched or linear alkyl or C.sub.5-C.sub.50-aryl, wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of halide, C.sub.5-C.sub.50 aryl, C.sub.6-C.sub.35 arylalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.35 alkylaryl and, in the case of the C.sub.5-C.sub.50-aryl, C.sub.1-C.sub.50 alkyl; wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 together comprise 15 or more carbon atoms; M is an element selected from group 13 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and each Q is independently a hydride, bridged or unbridged dialkylamido, halide, alkoxide, aryloxide, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, substituted halocarbyl, or halosubstituted-hydrocarbyl radical, provided that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is a branched alkyl.

The present disclosure provides borate or aluminate activators comprising cations having branched alkyl groups, catalyst systems comprising, and methods for polymerizing olefins using such activators. Specifically, the present disclosure provides activator compounds represented by Formula: [R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3EH].sub.d.sup.+[M.sup.k+Q.sub.n].sup.d, wherein: E is nitrogen or phosphorous; d is 1, 2 or 3; k is 1, 2, or 3; n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; nk=d; each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently C.sub.1-C.sub.40 branched or linear alkyl or C.sub.5-C.sub.50-aryl, wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of halide, C.sub.5-C.sub.50 aryl, C.sub.6-C.sub.35 arylalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.35 alkylaryl and, in the case of the C.sub.5-C.sub.50-aryl, C.sub.1-C.sub.50 alkyl; wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 together comprise 15 or more carbon atoms; M is an element selected from group 13 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and each Q is independently a hydride, bridged or unbridged dialkylamido, halide, alkoxide, aryloxide, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, substituted halocarbyl, or halosubstituted-hydrocarbyl radical, provided that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is a branched alkyl.