Acido-basic properties of a system containing a polymer obtained by decomposing by oxidative cleavage of a carbon-carbon double bond, and a trifunctional molecule having an alkoxysilyl group in the structure as represented by the formula (A) are changed such that the system is changed into a basic system when the system is acidic and the system is changed into an acidic system when the system is basic to combine the decomposed polymer and the trifunctional molecule, thereby introducing the alkoxysilyl group into the main chain. Furthermore, acido-basic properties of a system containing a polymer obtained by decomposing by oxidative cleavage of a carbon-carbon double bond to decrease the molecular weight, and a functional molecule having an alkoxysilyl group as represented by the formula (a) are changed in the same manner as above to combine the decomposed polymer and the functional molecule, thereby introducing the alkoxysilyl group in a molecular terminal. ##STR00001##

Acido-basic properties of a system containing a polymer obtained by decomposing by oxidative cleavage of a carbon-carbon double bond, and a trifunctional molecule having an alkoxysilyl group in the structure as represented by the formula (A) are changed such that the system is changed into a basic system when the system is acidic and the system is changed into an acidic system when the system is basic to combine the decomposed polymer and the trifunctional molecule, thereby introducing the alkoxysilyl group into the main chain. Furthermore, acido-basic properties of a system containing a polymer obtained by decomposing by oxidative cleavage of a carbon-carbon double bond to decrease the molecular weight, and a functional molecule having an alkoxysilyl group as represented by the formula (a) are changed in the same manner as above to combine the decomposed polymer and the functional molecule, thereby introducing the alkoxysilyl group in a molecular terminal. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides multifunctional monomers, including, but not limited to include multifunctional methylene malonate and methylene beta-ketoester monomers; methods for producing the same; and compositions and products formed therefrom. The multifunctional monomers of the invention may be produced by transesterification or by direct synthesis from monofunctional methylene malonate monomers or methylene beta-ketoester monomers. The present invention further compositions and products formed from methylene beta-ketoester monomers of the invention, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

The present invention provides multifunctional monomers, including, but not limited to include multifunctional methylene malonate and methylene beta-ketoester monomers; methods for producing the same; and compositions and products formed therefrom. The multifunctional monomers of the invention may be produced by transesterification or by direct synthesis from monofunctional methylene malonate monomers or methylene beta-ketoester monomers. The present invention further compositions and products formed from methylene beta-ketoester monomers of the invention, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

A polymer comprising recurring units derived from a polymerizable monomer having two structures of hydroxyphenyl methacrylate having a hydroxy group substituted with an acid labile group is used as base resin in a positive resist composition, especially chemically amplified positive resist composition. The resist composition forms a resist film which is processed by lithography into a pattern of good profile having a high resolution, minimal edge roughness, and etch resistance.

A polymer comprising recurring units derived from a polymerizable monomer having two structures of hydroxyphenyl methacrylate having a hydroxy group substituted with an acid labile group is used as base resin in a positive resist composition, especially chemically amplified positive resist composition. The resist composition forms a resist film which is processed by lithography into a pattern of good profile having a high resolution, minimal edge roughness, and etch resistance.

A fused-ring quinone-substituted polynorbornene has recurring units of formula (1) and/or (2) below.

##STR00001##

In formulas (1) and (2), A.sup.1 is independently a substituent of formula (3) or (4) below, n is an integer from 1 to 6, and A.sup.2 is a substituent of formula (5) or (6) below.

##STR00002##

In formulas (3) to (6), each X is independently a single bond or a divalent group, and Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are each independently an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an oxygen atom or sulfur atom-containing aromatic heterocycle that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton. This polymer has charge-storing properties and, when used as an electrode active material, is capable of providing a high-performance battery possessing high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

A fused-ring quinone-substituted polynorbornene has recurring units of formula (1) and/or (2) below.

##STR00001##

In formulas (1) and (2), A.sup.1 is independently a substituent of formula (3) or (4) below, n is an integer from 1 to 6, and A.sup.2 is a substituent of formula (5) or (6) below.

##STR00002##

In formulas (3) to (6), each X is independently a single bond or a divalent group, and Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are each independently an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an oxygen atom or sulfur atom-containing aromatic heterocycle that forms together with two carbon atoms on a benzoquinone skeleton. This polymer has charge-storing properties and, when used as an electrode active material, is capable of providing a high-performance battery possessing high capacity, high rate characteristics and high cycle characteristics.

The present invention provides methylene beta-ketoester monomers, methods for producing the same, and compositions and products formed therefrom. In the method for producing the methylene beta-ketoesters of the invention, a beta-ketoester is reacted with a source of formaldehyde in a modified Knoevenagel reaction optionally in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst, and optionally in the presence of an acidic or non-acidic solvent, to form reaction complex. The reaction complex may be an oligomeric complex. The reaction complex is subjected to further processing, which may be vaporization by contact with an energy transfer means in order to isolate the beta-ketoester monomer. The present invention further compositions and products formed from methylene beta-ketoester monomers of the invention, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).

The present invention provides multifunctional monomers, including, but not limited to include multifunctional methylene malonate and methylene beta-ketoester monomers; methods for producing the same; and compositions and products formed therefrom. The multifunctional monomers of the invention may be produced by transesterification or by direct synthesis from monofunctional methylene malonate monomers or methylene beta-ketoester monomers. The present invention further compositions and products formed from methylene beta-ketoester monomers of the invention, including monomer-based products (e.g., inks, adhesives, coatings, sealants or reactive molding) and polymer-based products (e.g., fibers, films, sheets, medical polymers, composite polymers and surfactants).