Low refractive index and high dispersion material which can produce a bonded-multilayer DOE having an excellent optical performance is obtained, and the optical member using this is obtained. The resin precursor for optical materials obtained through the addition reaction of the composite containing a di (meth) acrylate shown in the following Chemical Expression 1.

##STR00001## where, RH or CH.sub.3, and m+n=1 to 10.

A hydrophilic laminate, including: a substrate made of a resin; and a hydrophilic resin layer on the substrate made of a resin, wherein the hydrophilic resin layer comprises micro convex portions or micro concave portions in a surface thereof, and wherein a pure water contact angle of the surface of the hydrophilic resin layer is less than 40.

A formulation comprising a multifunctional acrylate monomer; a polymerization initiator; a plasticizer; an inorganic ion-conducting material; and a lithium salt. The formulation is polymerized to form a solid polymer electrolyte comprising a crosslinked acrylate homopolymer; a plasticizer; an inorganic ion-conducting material; and a lithium salt.

The present invention relates to a thermoplastic copolymer, block copolymer, and statistical copolymer comprising plural acrylated polyol monomeric units having different degrees of acrylation of hydroxyl groups. The acrylated polyol monomeric units have an average degree of acrylation greater than 1 and less than the number of the hydroxyl groups of the polyol. The present invention also relates to a method of making the thermoplastic copolymer, block copolymer, and statistical copolymer, and using them in various applications, such as asphalt rubber modifiers, adhesives, or an additive in a fracking fluid for oil fracking.

A compound represented by the formula (I).

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl group that may have a halogen atom; R.sup.2 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 fluorinated saturated hydrocarbon group; W.sup.1 represents a C.sub.5 to C.sub.18 divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group; A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 independently represents a single bond or *-A.sup.3-X.sup.1-(A.sup.4-X.sup.2).sub.a-; A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 independently represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkanediyl group; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 independently represents O, COO or OCO; a represents 0 or 1; and * represents a bond to an oxygen atom.

A compound represented by the formula (I).

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl group that may have a halogen atom; R.sup.2 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 fluorinated saturated hydrocarbon group; W.sup.1 represents a C.sub.5 to C.sub.18 divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group; A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 independently represents a single bond or *-A.sup.3-X.sup.1-(A.sup.4-X.sup.2).sub.a-; A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 independently represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkanediyl group; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 independently represents O, COO or OCO; a represents 0 or 1; and * represents a bond to an oxygen atom.

A process including providing a curable gellant ink composition having a phase transition temperature; heating the ink composition to a temperature above the phase transition temperature; depositing the ink composition onto a substrate; wherein upon contact with the substrate the ink composition freezes to provide a gel ink layer; treating at least a portion of the gel ink layer whereby treated gellant ink reacts to form a three-dimensional object and wherein untreated gellant ink does not react and remains in gellant form; optionally, wherein the unreacted gellant ink provides a support structure for overhang portions of the three-dimensional object.

A pattern forming method comprising, a step (1) of coating a layer formed of a curable composition (A1) containing at least a certain polymerizable compound (a1) on a surface of a substrate, a step (2) of dispersedly dropping a droplet of a curable composition (A2) containing at least a polymerizable compound (a2) on the layer of the curable composition (A1) to form lamination, a step (3) of sandwiching between a mold and the substrate a layer in which the curable composition (A1) and the curable composition (A2) are partially mixed, a step (4) of curing a portion of the layer in which the two curable compositions are partially mixed all at once by applying light from the side of the mold, the portion being sandwiched between the mold and the substrate, and a step (5) of separating the mold from the layer formed of the cured curable compositions.

The invention provides novel surface coatings having surface polymer brushes with zwitterionic and antibiotics-conjugated side chains and synergistic anti-fouling and bactericidal properties. The surface coatings may be prepared using highly efficient surface-initiated living polymerization. The design of the surface polymer brushes are highly modular, allowing independent tuning of the anti-fouling and bactericidal properties, e.g., by varying the chemical nature of the zwitterionic motif and the antibiotic agent, the chemistry through which the antibiotic agent is conjugated to the polymer side chains, the molecular weight of the polymer brushes (e.g., thickness of coating and density of respective functional motifs), and the spatial arrangement of the respective functional motifs (e.g., homopolymers, block copolymers, random copolymers) to achieve optimal and sustained anti-infection outcome for a given application.

A curable composition includes (A) quantum dots; (B) a polymerizable compound; and (C) a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 having a weight average molecular weight of less than or equal to about 300 g/mol. A cured layer may be produced utilizing the curable composition, and a display device including the cured layer may be manufactured.

##STR00001## wherein in Chemical Formula 1, each substituent is as defined in the specification.