The present application provides a block copolymer and uses thereof. The block copolymer of the present application exhibits an excellent self-assembling property or phase separation property, and can be provided with a variety of required functions without constraint.

The present application relates to a monomer, a method for preparing a block copolymer, a block copolymer, and uses thereof. Each monomer of the present application exhibits an excellent self-assembling property and is capable of forming a block copolymer to which a variety of required functions are granted as necessary without constraint.

The fluorine-containing copolymer of the present invention includes: a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (1); and at least one selected from the group consisting of a structural unit (B) represented by the following formula (2), a structural unit (C) represented by the following formula (3), and a structural unit (D) represented by the following formula (4):

##STR00001##

in the formula (1), R.sub.ff.sup.1 to R.sub.ff.sup.4 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkyl ether group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and R.sub.ff.sup.1 and R.sub.ff.sup.2 are optionally linked to form a ring;

##STR00002##

in the formula (2), R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, the perfluoroalkyl group optionally has a ring structure, one or some of the fluorine atoms are optionally substituted by a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom, and one or some of fluorine atoms in the perfluoroalkyl group are optionally substituted by a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom;

##STR00003##

in the formula (3), R.sup.5 to R.sup.8 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, the perfluoroalkyl group optionally has a ring structure, one or some of the fluorine atoms are optionally substituted by a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom, and one or some of fluorine atoms in the perfluoroalkyl group are optionally substituted by a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom; and

##STR00004##

in the formula (4), Z represents an oxygen atom, a single bond, or —OC(R.sup.19R.sup.20)O—, R.sup.9 to R.sup.20 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, one or some of the fluorine atoms are optionally substituted by a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom, one or some of fluorine atoms in the perfluoroalkyl group are optionally substituted by a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom, one or some of fluorine atoms in the perfluoroalkoxy group are optionally substituted by a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom, s and t are each independently 0 to 5, and s+t represents an integer of 1 to 6 (when Z is —OC(R.sup.19R.sup.20)O—, s+t is optionally 0).

Provided is a method of manufacturing a patterned substrate. The method may be applied to a process of manufacturing a device such as an electronic device or integrated circuit, or another use, for example, to manufacture an integrated optical system, a guidance and detection pattern of a magnetic domain memory, a flat panel display, a LCD, a thin film magnetic head or an organic light emitting diode, and used to construct a pattern on a surface to be used to manufacture a discrete tract medium such as an integrated circuit, a bit-patterned medium and/or a magnetic storage device such as a hard drive.

An ultraviolet-curable liquid developer contains a cationically polymerizable liquid monomer, a photoinitiator, and a toner particle insoluble in the cationically polymerizable liquid monomer. The cationically polymerizable liquid monomer is a vinyl ether compound, and the photoinitiator is a compound having a particular structure.

An ultraviolet-curable liquid developer contains a cationically polymerizable liquid monomer, a photoinitiator, and a toner particle insoluble in the cationically polymerizable liquid monomer. The cationically polymerizable liquid monomer is a vinyl ether compound, and the photoinitiator is a compound having a particular structure.

Liquid radiation curable compositions are disclosed which are suitable for hybrid (i.e. cationic and free-radical) polymerization when processed via additive fabrication equipment utilizing sources of actinic radiation with peak spectral intensities in the UV/vis region. Also disclosed are methods of creating three-dimensional parts via additive fabrication processes utilizing sources of actinic radiation with peak spectral intensities in the UV/vis region employing liquid radiation curable compositions suitable for hybrid polymerization, and the parts cured therefrom.

A method of forming a three-dimensional object comprises the steps of forming a layer of a particulate composition, selectively depositing a liquid composition onto the layer of the particulate composition in accordance with computer data corresponding to the shape of at least a portion of a three-dimensional object, and repeating the steps a plurality of times to form a three-dimensional object. The particulate composition comprises a plurality of first particles that comprise a resin component comprising a first resin, the first resin comprising a first resin polymerizable group. Either or both of the particulate composition and the liquid composition comprise an initiator capable of initiating polymerization of at least the first resin. At least the first resin undergoes melting and polymerization in a plurality of the locations where the liquid composition has been selectively deposited.

A preparation method of a powdery polycarboxylate superplasticizer is provided, including: mixing a superplasticizer monomer with water to produce a mixture, heating and melting the mixture to produce a melt system; carrying out a bulk polymerization reaction by adding an initiator, a chain transfer agent and an unsaturated carboxylic acid into the melt system, forming a polycarboxylate superplasticizer precursor; and neutralizing and pulverizing the polycarboxylate superplasticizer precursor to produce a powdery polycarboxylate superplasticizer. Water is added in the bulk polymerization and reacts with the superplasticizer monomer and the unsaturated carboxylic acid. While the bulk polymerization reaction is guaranteed to be efficiently carried out and the solid polycarboxylate superplasticizer is formed, the viscosity of a bulk polymerization reaction system is reduced. The superplasticizer is suitable for dry-mixed mortar, high-efficiency concrete and other products.

A preparation method of a powdery polycarboxylate superplasticizer is provided, including: mixing a superplasticizer monomer with water to produce a mixture, heating and melting the mixture to produce a melt system; carrying out a bulk polymerization reaction by adding an initiator, a chain transfer agent and an unsaturated carboxylic acid into the melt system, forming a polycarboxylate superplasticizer precursor; and neutralizing and pulverizing the polycarboxylate superplasticizer precursor to produce a powdery polycarboxylate superplasticizer. Water is added in the bulk polymerization and reacts with the superplasticizer monomer and the unsaturated carboxylic acid. While the bulk polymerization reaction is guaranteed to be efficiently carried out and the solid polycarboxylate superplasticizer is formed, the viscosity of a bulk polymerization reaction system is reduced. The superplasticizer is suitable for dry-mixed mortar, high-efficiency concrete and other products.