The present invention concerns a composition being an inverse emulsion comprising cross-linked anionic, organic polymeric microparticles, said microparticles having an unswollen z-average particle size diameter of less than 0.75 m, wherein the organic polymeric microparticles are formed from a monomer mixture comprising (a) an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or a salt thereof; (b) an ethylenically unsaturated non-ionic monomer; and (c) from 1 to 10 mole % of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid, or a salt thereof.

The invention also provides a process for preparing the composition, the use of the composition in a paper or paperboard making process and methods of making paper or paperboard employing said composition.

Provided are an ink jet recording aqueous ink composition including: a coloring material; water; an organic solvent d-1 which is represented by Formula 1 or 2 and which has a C log P value of 0.5 to 3.5; and a resin particle including a resin containing 1 mass % to 20 mass % of a monomer unit c-1 having a C log P value more than the C log P value of the organic solvent d-1 and having an anionic group, with respect to a total mass of the resin, in which a content of the organic solvent d-1 is 0.5 mass % to 10 mass % with respect to a total mass of the ink jet recording aqueous ink composition, and an image forming method. ##STR00001##

Provided are an ink jet recording aqueous ink composition including: a coloring material; water; an organic solvent d-1 which is represented by Formula 1 or 2 and which has a C log P value of 0.5 to 3.5; and a resin particle including a resin containing 1 mass % to 20 mass % of a monomer unit c-1 having a C log P value more than the C log P value of the organic solvent d-1 and having an anionic group, with respect to a total mass of the resin, in which a content of the organic solvent d-1 is 0.5 mass % to 10 mass % with respect to a total mass of the ink jet recording aqueous ink composition, and an image forming method. ##STR00001##

The object of the present invention is to provide a decorative film excellent in moldability and tensile strength; and a method for producing a three-dimensionally molded article with a decorative film. The decorative film of the present invention is used for decorating a three-dimensionally molded article. It is a decorative film comprising at least a substrate film layer and a clear layer, wherein the clear layer is made of a fluorinated polymer comprising units based on a fluoroolefin, units based on a monomer having no crosslinkable group, which is at least one member selected from the group consisting of a vinyl ether, a vinyl ester, an allyl ether, an allyl ester and a (meth)acrylic acid ester, and units having a crosslinkable group; and the content of the units based on a fluoroolefin is from 20 to 70 mol % to all units which the fluorinated polymer comprises.

The object of the present invention is to provide a decorative film excellent in moldability and tensile strength; and a method for producing a three-dimensionally molded article with a decorative film. The decorative film of the present invention is used for decorating a three-dimensionally molded article. It is a decorative film comprising at least a substrate film layer and a clear layer, wherein the clear layer is made of a fluorinated polymer comprising units based on a fluoroolefin, units based on a monomer having no crosslinkable group, which is at least one member selected from the group consisting of a vinyl ether, a vinyl ester, an allyl ether, an allyl ester and a (meth)acrylic acid ester, and units having a crosslinkable group; and the content of the units based on a fluoroolefin is from 20 to 70 mol % to all units which the fluorinated polymer comprises.

The present disclosure provides for new photoalignment (co)polymer materials which demonstrate improved adhesion to a substrate. The (co)polymeric structure includes at least one photochemically active chromophore and at least one adhesion promoter group. Articles of manufacture, optical elements, ophthalmic elements and liquid crystal cells which include at least one photoalignment layer made from the photoalignment (co)polymer materials and methods for formation are also disclosed.

The present disclosure provides for new photoalignment (co)polymer materials which demonstrate improved adhesion to a substrate. The (co)polymeric structure includes at least one photochemically active chromophore and at least one adhesion promoter group. Articles of manufacture, optical elements, ophthalmic elements and liquid crystal cells which include at least one photoalignment layer made from the photoalignment (co)polymer materials and methods for formation are also disclosed.

Curable formulations, cured formulations, and mixtures and composites thereof which are solvent and/or water soluble or solvent and/or water degradable are described, as well as methods of making and using the formulations, mixtures, and composites. Patterned structures formed from curable formulations, which are solvent soluble, are also described. Such curable formulations and the patterned structures formed therefrom can be used to manufacture articles or products.

Provided are an ink jet recording aqueous ink composition including: a coloring material; water; an organic solvent d-1 which is represented by Formula 1 or 2 and which has a C log P value of 0.5 to 3.5; and a resin particle including a resin containing 1 mass % to 20 mass % of a monomer unit c-1 having a C log P value more than the C log P value of the organic solvent d-1 and having an anionic group, with respect to a total mass of the resin, in which a content of the organic solvent d-1 is 0.5 mass % to 10 mass % with respect to a total mass of the ink jet recording aqueous ink composition, and an image forming method.

##STR00001##

Provided are an ink jet recording aqueous ink composition including: a coloring material; water; an organic solvent d-1 which is represented by Formula 1 or 2 and which has a C log P value of 0.5 to 3.5; and a resin particle including a resin containing 1 mass % to 20 mass % of a monomer unit c-1 having a C log P value more than the C log P value of the organic solvent d-1 and having an anionic group, with respect to a total mass of the resin, in which a content of the organic solvent d-1 is 0.5 mass % to 10 mass % with respect to a total mass of the ink jet recording aqueous ink composition, and an image forming method.

##STR00001##