A method involves using at least one salt (S) selected from the salts of nitric acid, salts of nitrous acid, salts of halogens, or salts of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, as an accelerator in a multi-component epoxy resin compound for the chemical fastening of construction elements and/or anchoring elements. Another method involves the chemical fastening of construction elements and anchoring elements, such as anchor rods, anchor bolts, rods, sleeves, reinforcing bars, screws, and the like in boreholes in various substrates.

Solvent free epoxy systems are disclosed that can include a hardener compound H comprising: a molecular structure (R.sub.1—(Y.sup.1)n), wherein R.sub.1 is an ionic moiety, Y.sup.1 is a nucleophilic group, n is a between 2 and 10; and an ionic moiety A acting as a counter ion to R.sub.1; and an epoxy compound E comprising: a molecular structure (R.sub.2—Z.sup.1)n), wherein R.sub.2 is an ionic moiety, Z.sup.1 comprises an epoxide group, n is a between 2 and 10, and an ionic moiety B acting as a counter ion to R.sub.2. In embodiments, the epoxy compound E and/or the hardener H is comprised in a solvent-less ionic liquid. The systems can further include accelerators, crosslinkers, plasticizers, inhibitors, ionic hydrophobic and/or super-hydrophobic compounds, ionic hydrophilic compounds, ionic transitional hydrophobic/hydrophilic compounds, biological active compounds, and/or plasticizer compounds. Polymers made from the disclosed epoxy systems and their methods of use are described.

A polyorganosiloxane with an epoxy group, a curable resin composition, and a cured product having high compatibility with an initiator and another resin is described. The polyorganosiloxane has a low viscosity, a high curing rate, and high adhesiveness and impact resistance. The polyorganosiloxane has an M unit (R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3SiO.sub.1/2), a D unit (R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2), and a Q unit (SiO.sub.4/2). A T unit (R.sup.6SiO.sub.3/2) content of the polyorganosiloxane is 80% or less by mole of total silicon. The epoxy group has a group of formula (2) and a group of formula (3). Here, R.sup.8 is an optionally substituted divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, g is 0 or 1, R.sup.9 is an optionally substituted divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, h is 0 or 1, 0≤i≤8, and 0≤j≤8.

##STR00001##

A slow reacting epoxy resin system is disclosed. The slow reacting epoxy resin system comprises a high purity epoxy resin component selected from the group comprising of a high purity Bisphenol A(BPA), a high purity Bisphenol F (BPF), and a combination thereof, and an amine curing agent. The initial viscosity after mixing the high purity epoxy resin component and the amine curing agent is less than 350 mPa.Math.s at 25° C.

The present disclosure relates to compositions derived from bioreachable molecules, such as amino acids or hydroxy acids. In particular, the composition can be a monomer, a polymer, or a copolymer derived from an amino acid dimer or a hydroxy acid dimer.

Provided is a polyorganosilsesquioxane that is suitable as a material for a hard coat film or an adhesive, the polyorganosilsesquioxane being capable of forming a cured product having a high surface hardness and flexibility while having a high heat resistance or the like. The polyorganosilsesquioxane contains a cage-type silsesquioxane represented by Compositional Formula (1). When the polyorganosilsesquioxane is analyzed using a liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector, a peak area % of the cage-type silsesquioxane represented by Compositional Formula (1) is 5% or greater with respect to a peak area of all components detected.

[R.sup.1SiO.sub.3/2].sub.8[R.sup.1SiO.sub.2/2(OR.sup.c)].sub.1  Formula (1)

The present disclosure relates to materials for photoinitiated cationic ring-opening polymerization (ROP). The present disclosure also relates to uses of the materials, e.g., in 3D printing.

The present invention relates to fluorine compounds (I), (II) and (III), to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof.

The present invention relates to compositions (self-thermally) curable on demand under the triggering action of UV-visible to near-infrared irradiation of moderate intensity, method of using same for accelerated photopolyaddition of cyclic ether-amine resins or ultrafast dark curing of cyclic ether-amine resins, and articles obtained by such method. The invention also relates to a resin casting, film or coated substrate, and an adhesive layer or bonding agent, comprising acyclic ether-amine resin obtained by an accelerated curing process according to the invention. The invention additionally relates to the use of a composition of the invention for increasing the delamination strength of laminated composite materials.

A method for producing bifunctional furan epoxy (BFFE) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure uses a bio-based monofunctional furan raw material to produce BFFE, and may include synthesizing BFFE raw material by reacting furfuryl alcohol, formaldehyde, and an acid-base mixture catalyst, and polymerizing BFFE by adding epichlorohydrin (ECH), a base catalyst, and a solvent to the BFFE raw material.