A flame retardant with which fire retardancy is improved and the fire retardancy is able to be secured stably for a long time is provided. An internal layer 11 containing a polymer and a flame retardant factor layer 12 that is formed outside of the internal layer 11 and that contains a polymer to which at least one of a sulfonate group and a sulfonate base is bonded are included. Thereby, compared to a case that the flame retardant factor layer 12 is not included, moisture is hardly absorbed, and respective particles of the flame retardant are inhibited from being adhered to each other. Accordingly, blocking is inhibited.

A flame retardant with which fire retardancy is improved and the fire retardancy is able to be secured stably for a long time is provided. An internal layer 11 containing a polymer and a flame retardant factor layer 12 that is formed outside of the internal layer 11 and that contains a polymer to which at least one of a sulfonate group and a sulfonate base is bonded are included. Thereby, compared to a case that the flame retardant factor layer 12 is not included, moisture is hardly absorbed, and respective particles of the flame retardant are inhibited from being adhered to each other. Accordingly, blocking is inhibited.

Provided is a method of manufacturing an aromatic polycarbonate resin composition with high fluidity, particularly during low shear, and a good color. An aromatic polycarbonate resin composition including: an aromatic polycarbonate resin that has a structural unit expressed by general formula (1); a aliphatic cyclic carbonate that is expressed by general formula (2) and is included at a ratio of 10 ppm-10,000 ppm; an aromatic cyclic carbonate that is expressed by general formula (3); and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds expressed by general formulas (4)-(6), wherein the total content of the aromatic cyclic carbonate and the compound(s) expressed by general formula(s) (4)-(6) is 0.1 mass %-2.0 mass % by bisphenol A-converted value.

##STR00001##

Provided is a method of manufacturing an aromatic polycarbonate resin composition with high fluidity, particularly during low shear, and a good color. An aromatic polycarbonate resin composition including: an aromatic polycarbonate resin that has a structural unit expressed by general formula (1); a aliphatic cyclic carbonate that is expressed by general formula (2) and is included at a ratio of 10 ppm-10,000 ppm; an aromatic cyclic carbonate that is expressed by general formula (3); and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds expressed by general formulas (4)-(6), wherein the total content of the aromatic cyclic carbonate and the compound(s) expressed by general formula(s) (4)-(6) is 0.1 mass %-2.0 mass % by bisphenol A-converted value.

##STR00001##

Described herein are methods of preparing poly(alkylene carbonate) polymers comprising an increased ratio of primary hydroxyl end groups to secondary hydroxyl end groups, and compositions thereof.

A polymeric binder includes copolymerized aliphatic polycarbonate having structural units expressed by Formula (1) and Formula (2).

##STR00001##

In Formula (1) and Formula (2), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently denote alkylene groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and being nonidentical to each other, and m and n independently denote integers equal to or greater than 3 and equal to or less than 60.

The subject disclosure is directed to functionalized bile acids, preparation thereof, and usage thereof for therapeutic and material applications. In one embodiment, a method of generating functionalized bile acid materials can comprise directly activating a carboxylic acid of a bile acid compound using a coupling agent comprising an amide or ester compound, thereby generating an intermediate bile acid derivative material. The method can further comprise attaching a functional group material to the intermediate bile acid derivative material by reacting the functional group material and the intermediate bile acid derivative material, thereby generating a functionalized bile acid material.

The subject disclosure is directed to functionalized bile acids, preparation thereof, and usage thereof for therapeutic and material applications. In one embodiment, a method of generating functionalized bile acid materials can comprise directly activating a carboxylic acid of a bile acid compound using a coupling agent comprising an amide or ester compound, thereby generating an intermediate bile acid derivative material. The method can further comprise attaching a functional group material to the intermediate bile acid derivative material by reacting the functional group material and the intermediate bile acid derivative material, thereby generating a functionalized bile acid material.

A polycarbonate diol containing a repeating unit represented by the specific formula (A) and a terminal hydroxyl group, wherein more than 0 mol % and not more than 3.0 mol % of the terminals thereof is an oxolane terminal represented by the specific formula (B).

Disclosed herein are glycidol-based polymers, nanoparticles, and methods related thereto useful for drug delivery. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.