Hydroxyl-containing bis(alkenyl) ethers can be incorporated into the backbone of polythioether prepolymers and can be used as curing agents in thiol-terminated polythioether prepolymer compositions. Cured sealants prepared using compositions containing hydroxyl-containing bis(alkenyl) ether-containing polythioether prepolymers and/or hydroxyl-containing bis(alkenyl) ether curing agents exhibit improved physical properties such as rapid curing and compatibility with fillers suitable for use in aerospace sealant applications.

Hydroxyl-containing bis(alkenyl) ethers can be incorporated into the backbone of polythioether prepolymers and can be used as curing agents in thiol-terminated polythioether prepolymer compositions. Cured sealants prepared using compositions containing hydroxyl-containing bis(alkenyl) ether-containing polythioether prepolymers and/or hydroxyl-containing bis(alkenyl) ether curing agents exhibit improved physical properties such as rapid curing and compatibility with fillers suitable for use in aerospace sealant applications.

Provided are dual cure monomer are of the formula: (I) wherein R* is a (hetero)hydrocarbyl group; X.sup.1 is O, S, NR.sup.3, NR.sup.3CONR.sup.3, CONR.sup.3 or NR.sup.3CO, where R.sup.3 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or R.sup.1-Epoxy; R.sup.1 is a divalent (hetero)hydrocarbyl group; X.sup.2 is O, S, NR.sup.4, NR.sup.4CONR.sup.4, CONR.sup.4, NR.sup.4CO where R.sup.4 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or R.sup.2CHCH.sub.2; R.sup.2 is a divalent (hetero)hydrocarbyl group; subscripts a and b are at least one, subscripts c and d are at least one, with the proviso that the monomer has at least two epoxy groups and at least two ene groups.

##STR00001##

Provided are dual cure monomer are of the formula: (I) wherein R* is a (hetero)hydrocarbyl group; X.sup.1 is O, S, NR.sup.3, NR.sup.3CONR.sup.3, CONR.sup.3 or NR.sup.3CO, where R.sup.3 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or R.sup.1-Epoxy; R.sup.1 is a divalent (hetero)hydrocarbyl group; X.sup.2 is O, S, NR.sup.4, NR.sup.4CONR.sup.4, CONR.sup.4, NR.sup.4CO where R.sup.4 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or R.sup.2CHCH.sub.2; R.sup.2 is a divalent (hetero)hydrocarbyl group; subscripts a and b are at least one, subscripts c and d are at least one, with the proviso that the monomer has at least two epoxy groups and at least two ene groups.

##STR00001##

The present invention comprises a process for preparing water-dispersible single-chain polymeric nanoparticles, which comprises cross-linking a polymer having a solubility equal to or higher than 100 mg per litre of water, and an amount of complementary reactive groups comprised from 5 to 60 molar % of the total amount of monomer units present in the polymer chain; with a crosslinking agent having crosslinkable groups; at a temperature comprised from 20 to 25 C. in the absence of a catalyst; to obtain water-dispersible conjugates and compositions containing the nanoparticle; and the use thereof.

The present invention comprises a process for preparing water-dispersible single-chain polymeric nanoparticles, which comprises cross-linking a polymer having a solubility equal to or higher than 100 mg per litre of water, and an amount of complementary reactive groups comprised from 5 to 60 molar % of the total amount of monomer units present in the polymer chain; with a crosslinking agent having crosslinkable groups; at a temperature comprised from 20 to 25 C. in the absence of a catalyst; to obtain water-dispersible conjugates and compositions containing the nanoparticle; and the use thereof.

Polythioether polymers, sealants containing polythioether polymers, and compounds useful as stabilizing monomers in the manufacture of polythioether polymers are provided. In many embodiments the polymers and sealants demonstrate reduced risk of spoilage that may be caused by low temperature storage of the polymer or uncured sealant. Compounds useful as stabilizing monomers include compounds according to formula I:
CH.sub.2CR.sup.1CHR.sup.2SR.sup.3SCHR.sup.4CR.sup.5CH.sub.2[I]
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2H.sub.5, and
wherein R.sup.3 is selected from divalent groups comprising 2-12 carbon atoms, 0-5 ether oxygen atoms and 0-5 thioether sulfur atoms, which may be straight, branched or cyclic.

Polythioether polymers, sealants containing polythioether polymers, and compounds useful as stabilizing monomers in the manufacture of polythioether polymers are provided. In many embodiments the polymers and sealants demonstrate reduced risk of spoilage that may be caused by low temperature storage of the polymer or uncured sealant. Compounds useful as stabilizing monomers include compounds according to formula I:
CH.sub.2CR.sup.1CHR.sup.2SR.sup.3SCHR.sup.4CR.sup.5CH.sub.2[I]
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2H.sub.5, and
wherein R.sup.3 is selected from divalent groups comprising 2-12 carbon atoms, 0-5 ether oxygen atoms and 0-5 thioether sulfur atoms, which may be straight, branched or cyclic.

The present specification relates to a fluorine-based compound for a brancher, a polymer using the same, a polymer electrolyte membrane using the same, a fuel cell using the same, and a redox flow battery including the same.

The present specification relates to a fluorine-based compound for a brancher, a polymer using the same, a polymer electrolyte membrane using the same, a fuel cell using the same, and a redox flow battery including the same.