An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball having enhanced controllability on approach shots from the rough and excellent stain resistance and shot feeling. The present invention provides a golf ball comprising a golf ball body having a cover, and a paint film covering the golf ball body, wherein a 10% elastic modulus of the paint film is 75 kgf/cm.sup.2 or less, a storage modulus (E.sub.150) at 150 C. of the paint film obtained by measuring dynamic viscoelasticity of the paint film is 1.010.sup.7 Pa or more, an indentation depth of the paint film measured under a specific measuring condition in a state that the paint film is formed on the surface of the golf ball body is 1250 nm or more, and a material hardness of the cover is less than 50 in Shore D hardness.

The present invention provides a polyrotaxane for obtaining a material combining a higher degree of elongation with a higher breaking strength and/or a polyrotaxane having properties not possessed by conventional polyrotaxanes, such as compatibility with compounds to be used in a material, solubility in solvents, and functionality. The polyrotaxanes of the present invention each comprise: a pseudo-polyrotaxane comprising cyclic molecules and a linear molecule which passes through the cavities of the cyclic molecules to form a clathrate; and blocking groups disposed at both ends of the pseudo-polyrotaxane so that the cyclic molecules are not released. The cyclic molecules each include a hydroxyl-inactivation group and a hydroxyl group bonded by a spacer group. The polyrotaxanes have a hydroxyl value of 10-65 mg-KOH/g.

Provided are supramolecular polypseudorotaxane hydrogel compositions and 3-D structures capable of reversible 3-D structural deformation which include (a) a solvent; (b) an at least partially linear polymer, where the polymer further comprises groups capable of covalent crosslinking between the polymers; (ii) at least one first macrocyclic ring which forms a pseudorotaxane with a polymer in the polymer network; and (iii) at least one second macrocyclic ring that does not form the pseudorotaxane. The hydrogel composition has a viscosity which allows for 3-D printing of the hydrogel to form a 3-D structure, and a storage (elastic) modulus after crosslinking that allows for the 3-D structure to undergo reversible 3-D structural deformation upon change of solvent conditions. Also provided are methods of manufacturing the compositions and 3-D structures.

A composition includes a polyrotaxane (A) which includes cyclodextrin as a ring molecule and polyethylene glycol as a linear molecule, and in which a blocking group is arranged at both ends of the linear molecule; a block copolymer (B) including polysiloxane; and a polymer (C) including no polysiloxane.

The present invention provides a photocured product having both excellent toughness and high strength, and also provides a photocurable composition for forming said photocured product. The present invention provides a photocurable composition comprising: A. a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer, wherein the glass transition temperature of a polymer formed from only said monomer is 20 C. or higher; B. a polyrotaxane obtained by respectively placing blocking groups at both ends of a pseudo-polyrotaxane, which is obtained by threading a linear molecule through the hole of a cyclic molecule, so as not to release the cyclic molecule, wherein the cyclic molecule has a (meth)acrylic group; and C. a photopolymerization initiator. The present invention also provides a photocured product formed from said composition.

Disclosed herein are nanoactuating rotaxanes comprising a threading component, the threading component comprising a oligoviologen, and at least two macrocylic components, wherein the oligoviologen is threaded through each of the macrocylic components. Also disclosed are methods for making and using the rotaxanes.

The present invention is to provide a bound stopper, which has high mechanical strength, is excellent in durability against fatigue breaking, settling or the like when a heavy load is repeatedly received, and is easy to be produced, in which the bound stopper comprises a polyurethane foam obtained from a polyurethane foam composition containing an isocyanate component and a blowing agent, and the isocyanate component contains a urethane prepolymer having an isocyanate group, the urethane prepolymer being obtained from a polyol component, a polyrotaxane containing a cyclic molecule having an active hydrogen group as a constituent, and an isocyanate.

The present invention aims to provide a polyrotaxane-containing composition having excellent transparency. The present invention relates to a polyrotaxane-containing composition including: a polyrotaxane that has a cyclic molecule, a linear molecule threading through a cavity of the cyclic molecule in a skewered manner, and capping groups capping both ends of the linear molecule; and an alkyl (meth) acrylate that has a C4-C18 alkyl group, the polyrotaxane having at least one cyclic molecule that has a C4-C18 alkyl group.

The present invention relates to a plastic film, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a plastic film showing impact resistance and excellent properties. According to the present invention, the plastic film showing high hardness, impact resistance, scratch resistance, and transparency and having excellent processability can be provided.

The invention provides a novel method for synthesizing hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HP Xe) biosensors by using pseudo-rotaxane structures of gamma-cyclodextrin. These supramolecular complexes form novel ternary structures in the presence of HP Xe which can be detected via .sup.129Xe MR spectroscopy and imaging techniques. The rotaxane-type complex can be tagged with an affinity label for detecting a target in a biological subject.