The invention relates to hydroxybenzophenone-based compounds of formula (I) that are used to improve UV, thermal, and thereto-oxidative stability of high performance aromatic polymers in a blend or as end-cappers of the same polymers.

A polymer is disclosed, represented by Chemical Formula 1 or Chemical Formula 2:

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wherein, in Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2,

Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, R.sup.3, s, x, and y are defined in the detailed description.

The present invention concerns an organopolysiloxane (A) able to be obtained by the reaction, at a temperature of between 10 C. and 75 C., betweenat least one compound (C) chosen from the organic compounds comprising at least one alkene or alkyne functional group, at least one of the substituents of which is an acid functional group and the organic compounds comprising at least one acid functional group and at least one alkene or alkyne functional group, at least one of the substituents of which is an electron-withdrawing group; andat least one organopolysiloxane (B) chosen from the organopolysiloxanes comprising siloxyl units (I.1) and (I.2) of the following formulae: (I) The present invention also concerns compositions comprising said organopolysiloxanes (A) and the uses thereof. $\left(I\right)$$\begin{array}{cc}{Y}_a{Z}_b^1{\mathrm{SiO}}_{\frac{4-\left(a+b\right)}{2}};& \left(I\mathrm{.1}\right)\\ Z_c^2{\mathrm{SiO}}_{\frac{4-c}{2}}& \left(I\mathrm{.2}\right)\end{array}$

A novel photosensitive adhesive composition including the following components (A), (B), (C), and (D): Component (A): a polymer having a structural unit of the following formula (1) and a structure of the following formula (2) at a terminal, Component (B): a polymer having the structural unit of formula (1), and a carboxy group or hydroxy group at a terminal, Component (C): a radical photopolymerization initiator, and Component (D): a solvent, wherein the content by mass of the component (B) is larger than that of the component (A),

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(wherein X is a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, or a glycidyl group, m and n are each independently 0 or 1, Q is a divalent C.sub.1-16 hydrocarbon group, Z is a divalent C.sub.1-4 linking group, the divalent linking group being bonded to an O group in formula (1), and R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.)

A functionalized flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived molecule, a process for forming a flame-retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains a functionalized flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived molecule are disclosed. The functionalized flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived molecule can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety with allyl functional groups, epoxy functional groups, propylene carbonate functional groups, or functionalized thioether substituents. The process for forming the flame-retardant polymer can include reacting an aconitic acid derivative with a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form a functionalized flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived molecule, and combining the functionalized flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived molecule with a polymer. The material in the article of manufacture can be a resin, plastic, polymer, or adhesive, and the article of manufacture can further comprise an electronic component.

A flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived cross-linker, a process for forming a flame-retardant resin, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains a flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived cross-linker are disclosed. The flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived cross-linker can have at least two phosphoryl or phosphonyl moieties with allyl functional groups, epoxy functional groups, propylene carbonate functional group, or functionalized thioether substituents. The process for forming the flame-retardant polymer can include forming an aconitic acid derivative, forming a phosphorus-based flame-retardant molecule, and reacting the aconitic acid derivative with the phosphorus-based flame-retardant molecule to form a flame-retardant aconitic acid-derived cross-linker, and binding the cross-linker to a polymer. The aconitic acid derivative can be synthesized from aconitic acid obtained from a bio-based source. Examples of aconitic acid derivatives include carboxysuccinic acid, 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-butenediol, and 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-butanediol. The article of manufacture can further comprise an electronic component.

The invention provides a polymer comprising two or more residues of formula III or IV or salts thereof: wherein dash line, X, Y, Q, L, M, n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c and R.sup.d have any of the values defined in the specification, as well as synthetic intermediates and synthetic methods useful for preparing the compounds. The polymer is useful to treat contaminated water by chelating metal.

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An ink composition and an adhesion promoter are provided. The adhesion promoter is suitable for production while remaining the stronger adhesion. The adhesion promoter is formed by the reaction of at least one alpha hydroxy acid and at least one alpha hydroxy acid ester with the metal alkoxide. More specifically, by combining the renewable and green alpha hydroxy acid and safer plasticizing alpha hydroxy acid ester as reagent to react with the metal alkoxide, the eco-friendly and non-toxic adhesion promoter with superior adhesion for use in ink composition can be obtained. The ink composition includes the adhesion promoter, a pigment, a polymeric binder, and a solvent for the polymeric binder. The ink composition is odorless and colorless, and shows good wet crinkle resistance. Especially, the ink composition is suitable for printing on the food package.

An ink composition and an adhesion promoter are provided. The adhesion promoter is suitable for production while remaining the stronger adhesion. The adhesion promoter is formed by the reaction of at least one alpha hydroxy acid, at least one alpha hydroxy acid ester, and a polymer having hydroxyl group, amino group, carboxyl group, or a combination thereof with a metal alkoxide. By combining the renewable and green alpha hydroxy acid and safer plasticizing alpha hydroxy acid ester, and the polymer as reagents to react with the metal alkoxide, the eco-friendly and non-toxic adhesion promoter with superior adhesion for use in ink composition can be obtained. The ink composition includes the adhesion promoter, a pigment, a polymeric binder, and a solvent for the polymeric binder. The ink composition is odorless and colorless, and shows good wet crinkle resistance. Especially, the ink composition is suitable for printing on the food package.

A flame retardant levulinic acid-based compound, a process for forming a levulinic acid-based flame retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains a flame retardant levulinic acid-based polymer are disclosed. The flame retardant levulinic acid-based compound has variable moieties, which include phenyl-substituted and/or R functionalized flame retardant groups. The process for forming the flame retardant polymer includes forming a phosphorus-based flame retardant molecule, forming a levulinic acid derivative, chemically reacting the phosphorus-based flame retardant molecule and the levulinic acid derivative to form a flame retardant levulinic acid-based compound, and incorporating the levulinic acid-based flame retardant compound into a polymer to form the flame retardant polymer.