This document discloses algae-derived flexible foams, whether open-cell or closed-cell, with inherent antimicrobial and flame resistant properties, wherein a process of manufacturing includes the steps of: harvesting algae-biomass; sufficiently drying the algae biomass; blending the dried algae biomass with a carrier resin and various foaming ingredients; adding an algal-derived antimicrobial compound selected from various natural sulfated polysaccharides present in brown algae, red algae, and/or certain seaweeds (marine microalgae); and adding a sufficient quantity of dried algae biomass to the formulation to adequately create a fire resistant flexible foam material.

Polymer polyols (“PMPOs”), processes for their production, and the use of such PMPOs, particularly in the production of flexible polyurethane foams. The PMPOs are produced using an ethylenically unsaturated composition that includes a crosslinker that results in crosslinks in the PMPO polymer particles that may decompose when exposed to flame temperatures. The PMPOs is capable of providing a flexible polyurethane foam that may exhibit combustibility resistance properties.

The invention is related to a method for reducing the emission of acetaldehyde and/or propionaldehyde from a polyurethane or polyurea foam, by using a reaction mixture comprising at least one isocyanate reactive component selected from the group consisting of a polyether polyol, a polyester polyol, a polyether polyamine and a polyester polyamine; an isocyanate component; and cyanoacetamide.

Described herein are anti-microbial and UV-protective biological devices and extracts produced therefrom. The biological devices include microbial cells transformed with a DNA construct containing genes for producing proteins such as, for example, zinc-related protein/oxidase, silicatein, silaffin, and alcohol dehydrogenase. In some instances, the biological devices also include a gene for lipase. Methods for producing and using the devices are also described herein. Finally, compositions and methods for using the devices and extracts to kill microbial species or prevent microbial growth and to reduce or prevent UV-induced damage or exposure to materials, items, plants, and human and animal subjects are described herein. Also disclosed are biological devices producing polyactive carbohydrates and carbo sugars, as well as compositions and articles incorporating both extracts from these devices and the anti-microbial and UV-protective extracts.

A method for preparing a novel waterborne polyurethane foam layer for synthetic leather is disclosed. The method includes first preparing a charged cellulose nanofiber by using a wood pulp as a raw material; meanwhile, subjecting a polyisocyanate, a macromolecular diol, a hydrophilic chain extender and a small molecular chain extender to a polyaddition reaction and an acid-base neutralization reaction in sequence, to obtain a cationic or anionic waterborne polyurethane; adding the charged cellulose nanofiber and a certain amount of a crosslinking agent to the oppositely charged ionic waterborne polyurethane emulsion, stirring the resulting mixture, forming a bimolecular layer at the gas/liquid interface by a self-assembly of the cellulose nanofiber and waterborne polyurethane nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions to obtain a stable Pickering foam; using the stable Pickering foam as a template, drying and solidifying to obtain the waterborne polyurethane foam layer for synthetic leather.

A closed loop recycling process of manufacturing a foam part includes dispersing a filler material recycled from an additive manufacturing (AM) process in at least one foam reactant and pouring or injecting the at least one foam reactant with the filler material into a mold and forming the foam part. The foam part has a foam matrix with between 2.5 wt. % and 30 wt. % of the filler material. The filler material can be a recycled powder from a selective laser sintering process that is not graded (i.e., sized) before being dispersed in the at least one foam reactant. For example, the recycled powder can be a recycled polyamide 12 (rPA12) powder with an average particle diameter of less than 100 micrometers. Also, the least one foam reactant can be a polyol reactant and an isocyanate reactant such that a polyurethane foam matrix with recycled rPA12 filler material is formed.

The invention relates to a process for producing polyurethanes using a component A comprising a polyhydrazide, a polysemicarbazide, a polysulfonyl hydrazide and/or carbodihydrazide, in particular a polyhydrazide, wherein the component A is employed in the form of a mixture C which further comprises a component B comprising a dispersion medium.

Isocyanate-reactive composition that include a polyol blend, a blowing agent composition, and a catalyst. The polyol blend includes a polyether polyol having a functionality of 2 to 6 and an OH number of 20 to 50 mg KOH/g, which is present in an amount of at least 30% by weight, based on total weight of the isocyanate-reactive composition, and an aromatic polyester polyol having a functionality of 1.5 to 3 and an OH number of 150 to 450 mg KOH/g, which is present in an amount of at least 40% by weight, based on total weight of the isocyanate-reactive composition. The blowing agent composition includes water, the water being present in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, based on total weight of the isocyanate-reactive composition and in an amount of at least 90% by weight, based on total weight of the blowing agent composition. The isocyanate-reaction composition has a green content of at least 30% by weight, based on total weight of the isocyanate-reactive composition. Polyurethane foam-forming reaction mixtures, polyurethane foams, multi-layer composite articles and methods for their production are also described.

A foam containing a nitrile group-containing conjugated diene copolymer and a urethane polymer, wherein relative to 100 wt % of the sum of the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene copolymer and the urethane polymer, the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene copolymer is present in an amount of less than 90 wt % and the urethane polymer is present in an amount of more than 10 wt %, the nitrile group-containing conjugated diene copolymer contains ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units in an amount of more than 31 wt %, the foam has a density of 0.08 to 0.30 g/cm.sup.3, and in observation of an arbitrary cross section of the foam, air bubble cross sections present in the cross section have an average diameter of 350 μm or less, and the number of air bubble cross sections with a diameter of 0.6 mm or more present in the cross section is 0.062 per mm.sup.2 or less.

The present disclosure relates to a foam layer that may include a silicone based matrix component, a flame retardant filler component, and an insulation filler component. The foam layer may have a thickness of at least about 0.5 mm and no greater than about 10 mm. The foam layer may further have a compression force deflection at 25% of at least about 5 kPa and not greater than about 500 kPa. The foam layer may also have a HBF flammability rating as measured according to ASTM D4986.