Methods for reaction electrospinning are provided to form collagen fibers. The method can include: acidifying a collagen in an acidic solvent to form an acidic collagen solution; electrospinning the acidic collagen solution within an alkaline atmosphere (e.g., including ammonia vapor) to form collagen fibers; and collecting the collagen fibers within a salt bath (e.g., including ammonium sulfate). The acidic solvent can include water and an alcohol, and can have a pH of about 2 to about 4 (e.g., including a strong acid, such as HCl). An albumin rubber is also provided, which can include albumin crosslinked with glutaraldehyde.

A method to measure heat damage of keratin fibers comprising eluting a peptide from a hair sample with an aqueous solution; extracting the peptide using a suitable solvent sample; analyzing the peptide samples with MALDI-MS; resulting in peptide results; identifying presence of a marker peptide and identifying the m/z ratio for the peptide.

The invention is directed to a method for producing a composite material comprising a biofabricated material and a secondary component. The secondary component may be a porous material, such as a sheet of paper, cellulose, or fabric that has been coated or otherwise contacted with the biofabricated material. The biofabricated material comprises a uniform network of crosslinked collagen fibrils and provides strength, elasticity and an aesthetic appearance to the composite material.

Biofabricated leathers made by electrocompaction and/or electrospsinning. Described herein are biofabricated leather materials derived from electrospun or electrocompacted collagen networks. These electrospun or electrocompacted leathers may have leather-like properties following and are may be processed as native leather and used to form leather goods.

The present invention relates to a method of making biopolymer including but not limited to bio plastic from animal by-products, more specifically from poultry feathers wherein the method of making a biopolymer comprises the steps: i) i) pre-treatment of native feathers; ii) extraction of keratin protein from pre-treated feathers in the presence of reducing agent; iii) polymerization by blending keratin protein with one or more plasticizer, one or more additive and one or more cross-linking agent, optionally in presence of at least one alkali hydroxide to obtain a polymer compound using one or more thermal processing techniques at a temperature in the range of 60° C. to 150° C.; and iv) applying pressure and subjecting the polymer compound to thermal processing at a temperature in the range of 100° C. to 220° C. in presence of at least one or more excipients.

A composition includes a dual crosslinkable hydrogel that includes a plurality of polymer macromers, which are crosslinked with a first agent and a second agent different than the first agent, wherein the crosslinks formed using the second agent are reversible and repeatable to allow the mechanical properties of the hydrogel to be dynamically adjusted.

A composition includes a dual crosslinkable hydrogel that includes a plurality of polymer macromers, which are crosslinked with a first agent and a second agent different than the first agent, wherein the crosslinks formed using the second agent are reversible and repeatable to allow the mechanical properties of the hydrogel to be dynamically adjusted.

Disclosed are keratin fibre cellular components, specifically keratin fibre cuticle and cortical cells, and their use as absorption and filtration media, and in thermal insulation materials. The keratin fibre cellular components may be oxidised. The keratin fibre cellular components have improved absorbency and filtration capacity compared to the source keratin fibres. The keratin fibre cellular components may be used in, for example, various products for passive absorption and active filtration of gas or liquid media.

Disclosed are keratin fibre cellular components, specifically keratin fibre cuticle and cortical cells, and their use as absorption and filtration media, and in thermal insulation materials. The keratin fibre cellular components may be oxidised. The keratin fibre cellular components have improved absorbency and filtration capacity compared to the source keratin fibres. The keratin fibre cellular components may be used in, for example, various products for passive absorption and active filtration of gas or liquid media.

A composition includes a target pharmaceutical or biological agent, a solution containing the target pharmaceutical or biological agent, and substrate that is soluble in the solution. The substrate is capable of being solidified via a solidification process and the solidification process causes the substrate to become physically or chemically cross-linked, vitrified, or crystallized. As a result of the solidification process, particles are formed. The target pharmaceutical or biological agent within the solution retains proper conformation to ultimately produce a desired effect.