This invention relates to thermoset, thermal insulating panel, pour-in-place and pour-in-place foams having desirable and unexpectedly low thermal conductivity, and to compositions, method and systems which use and/or are used to make such foams comprising: (a) providing thermosetting foam forming component and a blowing agent for forming predominantly closed cells in the foam, wherein the blowing agent comprises: (i) cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336mzzm(Z)) and cyclopentane, with the HFO-1336mzzm(Z) and cyclopentane in the blowing agent together comprising at least about 50% by weight of the total of all components in the blowing agent and (ii) the weight ratio of HFO-1336mzzm(Z) to cyclopentane in the blowing agent is from about 45:55 to less than 68:32 and (b) forming foam from said provided foamable composition.

This invention relates to thermoset, thermal insulating panel, pour-in-place and pour-in-place foams having desirable and unexpectedly low thermal conductivity, and to compositions, method and systems which use and/or are used to make such foams comprising: (a) providing thermosetting foam forming component and a blowing agent for forming predominantly closed cells in the foam, wherein the blowing agent comprises: (i) cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336mzzm(Z)) and cyclopentane, with the HFO-1336mzzm(Z) and cyclopentane in the blowing agent together comprising at least about 50% by weight of the total of all components in the blowing agent and (ii) the weight ratio of HFO-1336mzzm(Z) to cyclopentane in the blowing agent is from about 45:55 to less than 68:32 and (b) forming foam from said provided foamable composition.

Novel methods for producing porous silicone compositions are disclosed. Methods of this invention provide improved processes for preparing porous silicone rubbers having low specific gravity and mainly closed cells which are suitable for highly permeable gas penetration while adequately sealing liquid material. Examples of these sealing materials include but are not limited to encapsulants for bioindicators and syringe sealing components wherein the permeability is sufficient to permit sterilization while preventing passage or leaking of liquids to be sterilized through the described silicone materials.

Novel methods for producing porous silicone compositions are disclosed. Methods of this invention provide improved processes for preparing porous silicone rubbers having low specific gravity and mainly closed cells which are suitable for highly permeable gas penetration while adequately sealing liquid material. Examples of these sealing materials include but are not limited to encapsulants for bioindicators and syringe sealing components wherein the permeability is sufficient to permit sterilization while preventing passage or leaking of liquids to be sterilized through the described silicone materials.

A method of forming foam material is provided, which includes mixing 100 parts by weight of a compound having cyclic carbonate groups and a foaming agent to form a foaming composition, wherein the foaming agent includes 3 to 13 parts by weight of carbamate salt and 15 to 65 parts by weight of amino compound. The foaming composition is heated to 100° C. to 170° C. for decomposing the carbamate salt into CO.sub.2 and amino compound, and the amino compound is reacted with the compound having cyclic carbonate groups to form the foam material.

A coating created entirely from plant-derived ingredients is disclosed. Illustrative embodiments of the coating may be particularly well suited for use on leather-like materials created from epoxidized natural rubber-based formulations. Illustrative embodiments of the coating created may be comprised of substantially the reaction product between epoxidized vegetable oil and a polyfunctional naturally occurring acid (such as citric acid). Illustrative embodiments this reaction product may be used to produce porosity-free castable resins and vulcanize rubber formulations based on epoxidized natural rubber. Materials made from disclosed materials may be advantageously used as leather substitutes.

An embodiment includes a system comprising: an iodine containing thermoset open-cell shape memory polymer (SMP) foam that is x-ray visible; wherein (a) the SMP foam is configured to expand from a compressed secondary state to an expanded primary state in response to thermal stimulus, (b) the SMP foam is a poly(urethane-urea-amide). Other embodiments are described herein.

A composition including a copolymer containing polyamide blocks and polyether blocks including at least one carboxylic acid chain end having reacted with an epoxide function, the process for preparing same, and also the use thereof. A foam formed from this composition, the process for preparing same, and the use thereof.

A composition including a copolymer containing polyamide blocks and polyether blocks including at least one carboxylic acid chain end having reacted with an epoxide function, the process for preparing same, and also the use thereof. A foam formed from this composition, the process for preparing same, and the use thereof.

A liquid composition set contains a liquid composition X, containing a polymerizable compound X and a solvent X, and a liquid composition Y, containing a solvent Y. The liquid composition X is to form a porous resin. A liquid composition Z containing 10.0% by mass of the liquid composition X and 90.0% by mass of the liquid composition Y has a light transmittance of 30% or more at a wavelength of 550 nm, where the light transmittance is measured while the liquid composition Z is being stirred. A haze measuring element produced from the liquid composition Z has a haze increasing rate of 1.0% or more.