Provided are a porous film having excellent surface smoothness and a method for producing the same. The surface roughness of a porous film of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethersulfone, polyimide and/or polyamide-imide is Ra 30,000 or less. The opening diameter of the porous film is preferably from 100 nm to 5000 nm. The method for producing a porous film preferably includes a step for kneading a varnish containing fine particles and at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyether sulfone, polyamic acid, polyimide, polyamide-imide precursor, and polyamide-imide. The varnish preferably has a viscosity at 25 C. of 0.1-3 Pa.Math.s, a solids fraction concentration of 10-50 mass %, and a fine particle average particle size of 10-5000 nm.

Provided are a porous film having excellent surface smoothness and a method for producing the same. The surface roughness of a porous film of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethersulfone, polyimide and/or polyamide-imide is Ra 30,000 or less. The opening diameter of the porous film is preferably from 100 nm to 5000 nm. The method for producing a porous film preferably includes a step for kneading a varnish containing fine particles and at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyether sulfone, polyamic acid, polyimide, polyamide-imide precursor, and polyamide-imide. The varnish preferably has a viscosity at 25 C. of 0.1-3 Pa.Math.s, a solids fraction concentration of 10-50 mass %, and a fine particle average particle size of 10-5000 nm.

The invention relates to a polymer for tissue engineering from biodegradable polyphosphazenes, having photopolymerizable side groups, wherein the side groups of the polyphosphazenes are formed exclusively from amino acids and/or amino acid derivatives, which are bonded to the backbone of the polyphosphazene via the amino group of the amino acid and to a spacer attached to the acid group with a carbon chain of length m, which has a vinyl group at the free end, wherein m=0 to m=10.

The invention relates to a polymer for tissue engineering from biodegradable polyphosphazenes, having photopolymerizable side groups, wherein the side groups of the polyphosphazenes are formed exclusively from amino acids and/or amino acid derivatives, which are bonded to the backbone of the polyphosphazene via the amino group of the amino acid and to a spacer attached to the acid group with a carbon chain of length m, which has a vinyl group at the free end, wherein m=0 to m=10.

In general, in various embodiments, the present disclosure is directed systems and methods for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to systems that include a track assembly, mold assembly, press assembly, and methods for using the same for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In some embodiments, the present systems and methods are directed to processing a polymer at a temperature below a melting point of the polymer to produce a solid piece of polymer with an integrated a porous surface.

In general, in various embodiments, the present disclosure is directed systems and methods for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to systems that include a track assembly, mold assembly, press assembly, and methods for using the same for producing a porous surface from a solid piece of polymer. In some embodiments, the present systems and methods are directed to processing a polymer at a temperature below a melting point of the polymer to produce a solid piece of polymer with an integrated a porous surface.

In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, embodiments of the present disclosure, in one aspect, relate to macroporous photonic crystal membranes, structures including macroporous photonic crystal membranes, devices including macroporous photonic crystal membranes, methods of using macroporous photonic crystal membranes, methods of making macroporous photonic crystal membranes, and the like.

In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, embodiments of the present disclosure, in one aspect, relate to macroporous photonic crystal membranes, structures including macroporous photonic crystal membranes, devices including macroporous photonic crystal membranes, methods of using macroporous photonic crystal membranes, methods of making macroporous photonic crystal membranes, and the like.

According to one embodiment, a silicone-based ink for additive manufacturing includes a vinyl-terminated diphenyl siloxane macromer, a treated silica hydrophobic reinforcing filler, a rheology modifying additive, and a plurality of porogen particles. According to another embodiment, a product of additive manufacturing with a silicone-based ink includes a plurality of continuous filaments comprised of a siloxane matrix, where the continuous filaments are arranged in a geometric pattern, a plurality of inter-filament pores defined by the geometric pattern of the continuous filaments, and a plurality of intra-filament pores having an average diameter in a range of greater than 1 micron to less than 50 microns.

According to one embodiment, a silicone-based ink for additive manufacturing includes a vinyl-terminated diphenyl siloxane macromer, a treated silica hydrophobic reinforcing filler, a rheology modifying additive, and a plurality of porogen particles. According to another embodiment, a product of additive manufacturing with a silicone-based ink includes a plurality of continuous filaments comprised of a siloxane matrix, where the continuous filaments are arranged in a geometric pattern, a plurality of inter-filament pores defined by the geometric pattern of the continuous filaments, and a plurality of intra-filament pores having an average diameter in a range of greater than 1 micron to less than 50 microns.