The present teachings contemplate a method that includes a step of providing a first amount of esterified reaction product of an acid and an epoxy-based material. The esterified reaction product may be further reacted an epoxy resin to form a polymeric epoxy. The resulting material may have a generally linear backbone, foaming and curing capability and flame retardant properties.

A composition that is self-foaming in an acid medium, and includes: at least one hydrophilic polymer, at least one compound capable of crosslinking the hydrophilic polymer by forming ionic bonds, at least one foaming agent, and at least one foam stabilizer agent; and to the use thereof as a drug, particularly for preventing and/or treating obesity.

Disclosed is an organic amine salt foaming agent, that is, a composite polyurethane foaming agent, comprising: 1) hexafluorobutene; and 2) an alkanolamine salt mixture (MAA), the alkanolamine salt mixture (MAA) contains an organic amine salt compound having the following general formula (I): A.sup.n−[B.sup.m+].sub.p (I); wherein A.sup.n− is one or two or three selected from the following anions: (b) carbonate: CO.sub.3.sup.2−; (c) formate: HCOO.sup.−; (d) bicarbonate: HO—COO.sup.−. A polyurethane foaming method using carbon dioxide and an organic amine in combination is also disclosed, in which carbon dioxide is added to a polyurethane composition for foaming. A method for preparing an alkanolamine carbonate salt with low water content from ammonium carbonate and an epoxide is additionally disclosed, in which a liquid alkanolamine salt mixture is used as a dispersion medium or as a solvent for reaction raw material.

A composition includes a 4-methyl-1-pentene-based polymer in which at least one or more temperatures showing a local maximum value of a loss tangent (tan δ) are present in a range of 10° C. or higher and 100° C. or lower, and the local maximum value of the loss tangent is 0.5 or more and 3.5 or less, and an organic compound, in which a content of the organic compound is 5 to 250 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the 4-methyl-1-pentene-based polymer, and the organic compound has a viscosity (mPa.Math.s) in a range of 65 to 120, or a ratio between a melt flow rate (g/10 min.) of the 4-methyl-1-pentene-based copolymer and a melt flow rate (g/10 min.) of the organic compound is 1:1.0 to 0.1.

A foamable composition comprising at least one cellulose acetate, a plasticizer, a nucleating agent, and either a chemical blowing agent or a physical blowing agent is disclosed. The composition is formed into foamed articles that are biodegradable.

A method of forming foam material is provided, which includes mixing 100 parts by weight of a compound having cyclic carbonate groups and a foaming agent to form a foaming composition, wherein the foaming agent includes 3 to 13 parts by weight of carbamate salt and 15 to 65 parts by weight of amino compound. The foaming composition is heated to 100° C. to 170° C. for decomposing the carbamate salt into CO.sub.2 and amino compound, and the amino compound is reacted with the compound having cyclic carbonate groups to form the foam material.

A foam comprising starch and urea is described. A composition of the foam, by weight percent, includes a starch weight percent representative of the starch included in the foam and a urea weight percent representative of the urea included in the foam. The starch weight percent is greater than the urea weight percent.

Methods and systems that include introducing blowing agent into a hopper of a polymeric foam processing system.

The invention disclosed herein is an automotive acoustic panel including a porous sound-absorption material made from a polymer and an expanded perlite. One or more silane compounds may be coupled or coated onto the expanded perlite while a coupling agent and a chemical foaming agent may additionally be added to the automotive acoustic panel.

A superabsorbent polymer having optimized gel strength and exhibiting an improved absorption rate without increasing a specific surface area by chemical foaming or a physical method, and a preparation method thereof, are provided.