A foam composition comprises a recycled polyvinyl butyral in an amount from 5 wt % to 70 wt %; an ethylene-ester copolymer in an amount from 10 wt % to 70 wt %; a foaming agent in an amount from 0.5 wt % to 3.5 wt %; a peroxide crosslinking agent in an amount from 0.5 wt % to 3.0 wt %; and a hydrazide crosslinking agent in an amount from 0.1 wt % to 2.5 wt %, based on a total weight of the foam composition. A foam produced from the foam composition can avoid emitting an unpleasant odor of aldehydes, and the foam also has good mechanical properties and good resilience.

A porous sound absorbing material having an average cell size of 100 to 600 μm and an apparent density of 40 to 140 kg/m.sup.3. A sound absorption method using this porous sound absorbing material.

The present invention provides a thermally expandable microcapsule having excellent heat resistance and high expansion ratio and enabling production of a light, high-hardness molded article having excellent physical properties (abrasion resistance), and a composition for foam molding containing the thermally expandable microcapsule. Provided is a thermally expandable microcapsule including: a shell containing a polymer; and a volatile expansion agent as a core agent encapsulated by the shell, the shell containing silicon dioxide and a polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer composition containing a carbonyl group-containing monomer, the thermally expandable microcapsule having a ratio of a peak intensity based on a C═O bond in the shell to a peak intensity based on the silicon dioxide in the shell (peak intensity based on C═O bond/peak intensity based on silicon dioxide) of 0.25 to 1.0 as determined by IR spectral analysis, the thermally expandable microcapsule having a maximum foaming temperature (Tmax) of 180° C. to 225° C.

The present disclosure describes kits and compositions for three dimensional printing, systems for three-dimensional printing, and methods of making three-dimensional printed articles. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing comprises: a fusing agent comprising water and a radiation absorber, wherein the radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat; and a pore-promoting agent comprising water and a water-soluble pore-promoting compound, wherein the pore promoting compound chemically reacts at an elevated temperature to generate a gas, and wherein the water-soluble pore-promoting compound is selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and combinations thereof.

Compositions are provided including an uncrosslinked thermoplastic nitrogen-containing matrix material and composite particles distributed in the matrix material. The composite particles each include a chemical blowing agent particle encapsulated within a shell including an uncrosslinked thermoplastic material. The uncrosslinked thermoplastic material exhibits at least a certain minimum complex viscosity at a decomposition temperature of the chemical blowing agent particle. Also described are foam compositions and particles including the foam compositions, such as a sheet or multilayer construction. Composite particles are further provided. Methods of making the foam compositions are additionally described herein. Also, polishing pads, polishing systems, and methods of polishing a substrate are provided.

A method of remediation of a water-bearing formation is disclosed. A first solution containing a nitrogen-containing compound and a second solution containing a nitrite-containing compound are introduced into the water-bearing formation. The two solutions intermix within the formation such that a foam is generated within the formation.

A method of forming a skin-foam-substrate type structure particular suitable as an automobile trim component. The method comprises supplying a polymer resin containing a chemical foaming agent and including metal particles capable of inductive heating, that is positioned between a polymeric skin and substrate, followed by inductive heating to cause foaming of the polymeric resin. The foamed polymer resin adheres to the skin and substrate.

A multi-stage emulsion processing aid polymer comprising one or more functionalized ethylenically unsaturated monomer into the emulsion polymerization reactor, wherein the functionality is selected from the group consisting of β-keto esters, β-keto amides, β-diketones, cyanoacetic esters, malonates, nitroalkanes, β-nitro esters, sulfonazides, thiols, thiol-s-triazines, and amine, where the functionality is incorporated into polymers by polymerizing, ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing these functionalities or by post functionalization of a polymer with additional reactions after polymerization in one of the first or second stages. Foamable halogenated polymers comprising the multi-stage emulsion processing aid polymer is also provided. Also provided are methods for making the multi-stage emulsion processing aid polymer and foamable halogenated polymers.

A polymer composition may include an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer at an amount ranging from 10 to 90 phr; an elastomeric EVA composition at an amount ranging from 10 to 90 phr; a plasticizer at an amount ranging from 5 to 40 phr; a blowing agent in an amount ranging from 2 to 10 phr; and a peroxide in an amount ranging from 0.3 to 4 phr.

Provided is a composition for a highly elastic extruded foam. The composition includes a peroxide-crosslinkable thermoplastic polymer, an organic peroxide, thermo-expandable microspheres, and a silane coupling agent.