A water-soluble film, comprising a first water-soluble film, wherein the first water soluble film disintegrates in water within less than about 24 hours and dissolves in water within less than about 48 hours as measured by the MSTM-205 at 20° C. The disclosure provides a water-soluble film comprising a first water-soluble film that disintegrates in water within less than 24 hours and dissolves in water within less than 48 hours as measured by MSTM-205 at 20° C. The first water-soluble film optionally may be further characterized in that it does not disintegrate in water for at least about 1 hour and does not dissolve in water for at least about 1 hour as measured by MSTM-205 at 20° C. The disclosure further provides a water-soluble film comprising a first water-soluble film characterized in that the degradation and/or dissolution of the first water-soluble film is adapted to be activated by consumer handling.

Poly(acrylic acid)-based superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and H.sub.2O.sub.2 in a feed is converted with microwave (MW) irradiation into poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) in the product. The MW total energy used to convert SAP into PAA is less than 50 MJ/kg SAP.

Disclosed herein are multilayer water-dispersible articles including a water-dispersible substrate layer having a thickness in a range of about 5 μm to about 10 mm, and a water-dispersible coating layer on the substrate layer, the coating layer having a thickness in a range of about 0.5 to about 250 μm, wherein water-dispersible article has a moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR) of about 20 g H.sub.2O/m.sup.2/day or less, such as 10 g H.sub.2O/m.sup.2/day or less.

Poly(acrylic acid)-based superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in a feed stream is converted into poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) in an extensional flow device. The total energy used to degrade the SAP into PAA is less than about 50 MJ/kg SAP.

Poly(acrylic acid)-based superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in a feed stream is converted into poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) in an extensional flow device. The total energy used to degrade the SAP into PAA is less than about 50 MJ/kg SAP.

A method of preparing a super absorbent polymer and a superabsorbent polymer prepared from the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a method includes mixing a mixture comprising fines having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less, a surface-modified inorganic material having a reactive functional group, and water, and drying the mixture to prepare a fine powder reassembly. There may be provided a super absorbent polymer exhibiting excellent absorption properties and mechanical properties such as crushing strength while having uniform particle size distribution by effectively reassembling fines obtained inevitably in the preparation of a super absorbent polymer.

Disclosed is a hydrogel shredding device. The hydrogel shredding device includes: a first barrel body in which a first transfer space for transferring a hydrogel is formed, and extending in a first direction; a first transfer unit installed in the first barrel body and transferring the hydrogel in the first transfer space; a second barrel body installed on a lateral side of the first barrel body, and in which a second transfer space connected to the first transfer space extends in a second direction traversing the first direction; a second transfer unit installed in the second barrel body and transferring the hydrogel in the second transfer space; a cutter member installed in the second barrel body and pulverizing the hydrogel transferred by the second transfer unit; and a porous plate for discharging the hydrogel particles pulverized by the cutter member to an outside of the second barrel body.

A structure for protecting a substrate. The structure comprises an inner tie coat layer which can bond to the substrate, a geopolymer foam layer, and an outer protective layer. The geopolymer foam layer is the reaction product of a mixture comprising an aluminosilicate source, an alkali activator, reinforcing fibres, and a plurality of microparticles.

A method of recycling superabsorbent polymers derived from a used absorbent article, the method including: treating the superabsorbent polymers with ozone water after inactivation; reactivating, with an alkaline aqueous solution, the superabsorbent polymers treated with the ozone water; and adding hydrophilic fine particles to the superabsorbent polymers reactivated with the alkaline aqueous solution and then drying the superabsorbent polymers.

A photocatalyst can be regenerated with increasing efficiency, turnover number and turnover frequency in the presence of air by irradiating the photocatalyst with a first range of wavelengths of light that excite the photocatalyst to an intermediate and irradiating the intermediate with a second range of wavelengths of light that turns the intermediate to the photocatalyst.