Compositions are provided including a chemical blowing agent, a silicone component including an average of more than one free-radically reactive group, and a free-radical initiator. Foam compositions are also provided including a foamed silicone thermoset polymer matrix, fragments of a free-radical initiator, and fragments of a chemical blowing agent. The present disclosure further provides a method of making a foam gasket including dispensing a flowable composition onto a surface of an article and solidifying the flowable composition to form the foam gasket on the surface of the article. The composition includes a chemical blowing agent and a crosslinkable silicone component, and is dispensed at a temperature sufficient to activate the chemical blowing agent. Also, a foam gasket is provided including a foamed silicone thermoplastic polymer matrix and fragments of a chemical blowing agent. An article is additionally provided, including first and second surfaces configured to mate with each other such that when they are mated, the article has a closed clamshell structure. The article further includes a foam gasket disposed on the first surface including a foamed silicone thermoplastic polymer matrix.

A sizing agent for carbon fiber includes component (A), component (B), and component (C), in which the component (A) is at least one selected from the group consisting of component (A-1), component (A-2), and component (A-3); the component (A-1) is a urethane compound having a structure of Formula (1-1) in the molecule, the component (A-2) is an ester compound having a structure represented by Formula (1-2) in the molecule, the component (A-3) is an amide compound having a structure of Formula (1-3) in the molecule; the component (B) is an epoxy compound selected from the group consisting of an epoxy compound represented by Formula (2), an epoxy compound represented by Formula (3), and an epoxy compound represented by Formula (4); and the component (C) is a bisphenol type epoxy compound.

Disclosed are azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions containing Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene and methyl perfluoropropyl ether. Also disclosed is process of using the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition as blowing agents for preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam. Also disclosed is a process of using the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition as a refrigerant for producing cooling or heating. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of using the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition as propellants for producing an aerosol. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics.

There is provided a method of manufacturing a multi-layered film structure on a handling substrate. The film structure may hold a core film layer, which may hold an active ingredient. There is also provided method for manufacturing multi-layered microstructures. The microstructures may be manufactured based on a provided multi-layered film structure having a core film layer holding an active ingredient. The active ingredient may be a drug, and the microstructures may be used for drug delivery.

The present disclosure is directed to articles that include a cured coating that includes a matrix of crosslinked polymers and optionally a colorant (e.g., pigment particles or dye or both). The cured coating can include a matrix of crosslinked polymers. The cured coating is a product of crosslinking a coating composition comprising uncrosslinked polymers (e.g., a dispersion of uncrosslinked polymers in a carrier to form the matrix of crosslinked polymers), wherein the uncrosslinked polymers are crosslinked to form the matrix of crosslinked polymers. The matrix of crosslinked polymers can be elastomeric. The present disclosure is also directed to articles including these bladders, methods of forming these bladders, and methods of making articles including these bladders, where the bladders include the cured coating.

The present invention pertains to a fiber-reinforced plastic that has, as at least one of the surface layers in the thickness direction thereof, a layer containing reinforced fibers and a matrix in which a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin are integrated. The reinforced fibers form discontinuous reinforced fiber bundles randomly stacked or discontinuous reinforced fiber bundles arranged in one direction. A portion of the discontinuous reinforced fiber bundles is in contact with both of the thermosetting resin and the thermoplastic resin. The thermoplastic resin is exposed in at least a portion of the surface of the surface layer.

The invention pertains to the use of porous, chemically interconnected, carbon-nanofiber comprising carbon networks for reinforcing thermosetting material as well as to the reinforced material. In one aspect, the invention relates to the use of at least 0.1 wt %, more preferably at least 0.5 wt %, even more preferably at least 1 wt %, even more preferably at least 2 wt %, most preferably at least 3 wt. %, preferably 2-60 wt. %, more preferably 3-50 wt %, more preferably 5-45 wt % of a porous, chemically interconnected, carbon-nanofibers-comprising carbon network for reinforcing carbon-based fiber in a thermoset material, said weight based on the total weight of the reinforced thermoset material.

The present disclosure is directed to articles that include one or more coated fiber(s) (i.e., fiber(s) with a cured coating disposed thereon), where the coating includes a matrix of crosslinked polymers and optionally a colorant (e.g., pigment particles or dye or both). The cured coating is a product of crosslinking a coating composition including uncrosslinked polymers (e.g., a dispersion of uncrosslinked polymers in a carrier, wherein the uncrosslinked polymers are crosslinked to form the matrix of crosslinked polymers). The present disclosure is also directed to articles including the coated fibers, methods of forming the coated fibers and articles, and methods of making articles including the coated fibers.

Methods for recycling thermoset polymers, particularly by changing them into dynamic networks with the use of an appropriate catalyst solution which transforms the thermoset polymer into a vitrimer-like composition. The methods include the step of swelling a crosslinked thermoset polymer in a solution including a catalyst, whereby the catalyst diffuses into the thermoset polymer, in particular into the thermoset network. Upon removal of the liquid portion of the solution, such as solvent, the catalyst facilitates the occurrence of exchange reactions at elevated temperatures, rendering the system a dynamic network. The vitrimerized composition having the thermoset polymer and catalyst is recyclable and processable and thus suitable for many end uses.

An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon fiber which exhibits excellent strength development rate when used in a composite material. The present invention that solves the problems is a carbon fiber which simultaneously satisfies the following formulae (1) and (2):
Lc/d≤3  (1)
TS×d×Lc>6.0×10.sup.5  (2) wherein: Lc is an X-ray crystallite size (Å), d is a filament diameter (μm), and TS is a strand tensile strength (MPa).