The present invention relates to a process for devolatilising polymer-containing media such as, in particular, polymer melts, polymer solutions and dispersions and also devolatilisation apparatuses for carrying out the abovementioned process.

The present invention relates to a process for devolatilising polymer-containing media such as, in particular, polymer melts, polymer solutions and dispersions and also devolatilisation apparatuses for carrying out the abovementioned process.

The present invention provides a method for surface-modifying a rubber vulcanizate or a thermoplastic elastomer, which can cost-effectively provide a variety of functions, such as remarkable sliding properties or biocompatibility, according to the application. The present invention relates to a method for surface-modifying a rubber vulcanizate or a thermoplastic elastomer as a modification target, the method including: step 1 of forming polymerization initiation points A on a surface of the modification target; step 2 of radically polymerizing a non-functional monomer starting from the polymerization initiation points A to grow non-functional polymer chains; step 3 of washing the modification target on which the non-functional polymer chains are grown; step 4 of forming polymerization initiation points B on a surface of the non-functional polymer chains; and step 5 of radically polymerizing a fluorine-containing functional monomer starting from the polymerization initiation points B to grow fluorine-containing functional polymer chains.

The present disclosure relates to methods of removing brominated contaminants from polystyrene waste and recovering the brominated contaminants. The present disclosure further relates to methods of recycling polystyrene waste, wherein the recycling comprises retention of brominated contaminants or removal of contaminants. The present disclosure also relates to use of monocyclic aromatic benzenic solvents in the removal and/or recovery of brominated contaminants from polystyrene waste and in the recycling of polystyrene waste. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to use of the recovered brominated contaminants in the manufacture of polystyrene products such as insulation.

A rubber composition comprises a rubber component that comprises at least one halobutyl rubber in an amount from 60 to 100 phr and a filler component that comprises fillers F1 having .sup.14C content of 0.20 to 0.45 Bq/g of carbon; carbon content of 60 wt. % to 85 wt. %; acidic hydroxy groups on their surface; wherein weighted arithmetic average of STSA of F1 is from 40 m.sup.2/g to 80 m.sup.2/g; F1 have a volume-based median particle size distribution from 0.5 m to 5 m and a volume-based value from 3 m to 23 m; and (i) the filler component comprises more than 45 phr of F1; or (ii) the filler component comprises more than 25 phr of F1 and additionally comprises one or more industrial carbon blacks F2, wherein weighted arithmetic average of STSA of the F2 is 55 m.sup.2/g to 95 m.sup.2/g.

The present disclosure relates to methods of removing brominated contaminants from polystyrene waste and recovering the brominated contaminants. The present disclosure further relates to methods of recycling polystyrene waste, wherein the recycling comprises retention of brominated contaminants or removal of contaminants. The present disclosure also relates to use of monocyclic aromatic benzenic solvents in the removal and/or recovery of brominated contaminants from polystyrene waste and in the recycling of polystyrene waste. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to use of the recovered brominated contaminants in the manufacture of polystyrene products such as insulation.

A rubber member includes foamed fluoro rubber as a base material, wherein a difference between a nitrogen atomic percentage of a surface of the rubber member determined by an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and a nitrogen atomic percentage of an inside of the rubber member determined by the XPS analysis is 0.5% or more and 7.5% or less.

The present disclosure relates to methods of removing brominated contaminants from polystyrene waste and recovering the brominated contaminants. The present disclosure further relates to methods of recycling polystyrene waste, wherein the recycling comprises retention of brominated contaminants or removal of contaminants. The present disclosure also relates to use of monocyclic aromatic benzenic solvents in the removal and/or recovery of brominated contaminants from polystyrene waste and in the recycling of polystyrene waste. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to use of the recovered brominated contaminants in the manufacture of polystyrene products such as insulation.

The present disclosure relates to methods of removing brominated contaminants from polystyrene waste and recovering the brominated contaminants. The present disclosure further relates to methods of recycling polystyrene waste, wherein the recycling comprises retention of brominated contaminants or removal of contaminants. The present disclosure also relates to use of monocyclic aromatic benzenic solvents in the removal and/or recovery of brominated contaminants from polystyrene waste and in the recycling of polystyrene waste. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to use of the recovered brominated contaminants in the manufacture of polystyrene products such as insulation.

A hot press cushioning material includes fluororubber. A composition of the fluororubber includes a fluororubber component, a vulcanizing agent, an acid acceptor, and a dehydrating agent.