Disclosed are films comprising Ag In, Ga, and S (AIGS) nanostructures and at least one ligand bound to the nanostructures. In some embodiment, the AIGS nanostructures have a photon conversion efficiency of greater than 32% and a peak wavelength emission of 480-545 nm when excited using a blue light source with a wavelength of about 450 nm.

A liquid crystal polymer film that includes: a liquid crystal polymer; and a filler, wherein the filler includes a flat filler, an average aspect ratio of the filler is 3 or more, and an average inclination of the filler with respect to a main surface direction of the liquid crystal polymer film is 15? or less.

To provide a curable fluorinated polymer excellent in solubility in an alcohol, a method for its production and a cured product of the fluorinated polymer. A fluorinated polymer comprising units represented by the following formula (1), wherein in at least some of the units represented by the formula (1), Z.sup.1 is NR.sup.1NR.sup.2H or NR.sup.3OR.sup.4: ##STR00001##
in the formula (1), X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, Q.sup.1 is a single bond or an etheric oxygen atom, R.sup.f1 is a fluoroalkylene group, or a fluoroalkylene group with at least 2 carbon atoms, having an etheric oxygen atom between carbon-carbon atoms, Z.sup.1 is NR.sup.1NR.sup.2H, NR.sup.3OR.sup.4 or OR.sup.5, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R.sup.5 is an alkyl group.

A molded article containing a copolymer including a tetrafluoroethylene unit and a perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) unit, wherein a surface roughness Ra of the molded article is 0.20 ?m or less, and a water contact angle of the molded article is 80 degrees or less. Also disclosed is a method for producing the molded article.

Multi-acid polymers for use as a fuel cell membrane, for example, have multi-acid monomers that have an imide base and more than two proton conducting groups. The multi-acid polymers are made by reacting a polymer precursor in sulfonyl fluoride or sulfonyl chloride form with a compound with an acid giving group. One example of a multi-acid polymer is: ##STR00001##
wherein R is one or more units of a non-SO.sub.2F or non-SO.sub.2Cl portion of a polymer precursor in sulfonyl fluoride or sulfonyl chloride form.

Provided is a process of making a polyphenylene oxide prepolymer, comprising a step of reacting a reactive cycloolefin and a vinyl-containing polyphenylene oxide in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst. The reactive cycloolefin may be selected from dicyclopentadiene monomer, dicyclopentadiene oligomer, dicyclopentadiene polymer, norbornene monomer, norbornene oligomer, norbornene polymer, and a combination thereof; the vinyl-containing polyphenylene oxide may be selected from divinylbenzyl polyphenylene oxide resin, vinylbenzyl-modified polyphenylene oxide resin, methacrylic polyphenylene oxide resin, and a combination thereof; the ruthenium catalyst may be a Grubbs catalyst. Also provided are a polyphenylene oxide prepolymer made by the process, a resin composition containing the polyphenylene oxide prepolymer, and a product made from the resin composition.

To provide a curable fluorinated polymer excellent in solubility in an alcohol, a method for its production and a cured product of the fluorinated polymer. A fluorinated polymer comprising units represented by the following formula (1), wherein in at least some of the units represented by the formula (1), Z.sup.1 is NR.sup.1NR.sup.2H or NR.sup.3OR.sup.4:

##STR00001##

in the formula (1), X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, Q.sup.1 is a single bond or an etheric oxygen atom, R.sup.f1 is a fluoroalkylene group, or a fluoroalkylene group with at least 2 carbon atoms, having an etheric oxygen atom between carbon-carbon atoms, Z.sup.1 is NR.sup.1NR.sup.2H, NR.sup.3OR.sup.4 or OR.sup.5, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R.sup.5 is an alkyl group.

UV curing hydrophilic coating compositions and methods to make and use the compositions are disclosed. The compositions include about 40 wt. percent to about 95 wt. percent of a vinyl ether compound, an epoxide compound, a compound with vinyl ether and epoxy functional groups, or any combination thereof; about 0.1 wt. percent to about 40 wt. percent of at least one polar diluent; about 40 wt. percent or less of at least one non-polar diluent; and about 0.5 wt. percent to about 12 wt. percent of at least one photoinitiator.

A method of enhancing hydrophilicity of a hydrophobic polymer material includes pre-treating the hydrophobic polymer material. The pre-treating includes treating the hydrophobic polymer material with a first atmospheric pressure plasma discharge in a first atmosphere including carbon dioxide to obtain a pre-treated polymer material. The method includes treating the pre-treated polymer material with a second atmospheric pressure plasma discharge in a second atmosphere in which an aerosol of an amine is introduced; the amine includes at least one hydrocarbon substituent. A substrate is provided that includes a hydrophobic polymer material having a modified interface. The modified interface includes amine functional groups grafted on the hydrophobic polymer material, the modified interface having a surface energy, which, measured after immersion in water at 20? C. for 3 days, differs from a surface energy of the hydrophobic polymer material by 20 mN/m or less.

A computer-controlled method for forming a composition-controlled product using 3D printing includes disposing two or more liquid reactant compositions in respective two or more reservoirs; and mixing the two or more liquid reactant compositions, which in turn includes controlling by the computer a mass ratio of the mixed two or more liquid reactant compositions. The computer-controlled method further includes scanning, under control of the computer, a mixed liquid reactants nozzle over a substrate; depositing the mixed liquid reactant compositions onto the substrate; and operating, under control of the computer, a light source to polymerize the deposited mixed liquid reactant compositions.