The present invention relates to a modified polyvinyl butyral material, comprising a polyvinyl butyral composite material, a filler, an anti-hydrolysis agent, a first plasticizer, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, and a polymeric dispersant; wherein the polyvinyl butyral composite material is obtained by plasticizing a composition comprising polyvinyl butyral and a second plasticizer. The present invention also relates to a preparation method of the modified polyvinyl butyral material, a modified polyvinyl butyral product comprising at least one modified polyvinyl butyral layer prepared from a material comprising the modified polyvinyl butyral material, and the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl butyral product.

The present invention aims to provide a foam, a laminated foam, and a resin sheet having good foaming properties, capable of exhibiting particularly excellent vibration-damping properties while being lightweight, and useful for recycling interlayer films for a laminated glass. The present invention also aims to provide a building material for housing including any of the foam, the laminated foam, and the resin sheet. Provide is a foam having a plurality of cells, the foam containing a polyvinyl acetal, a plasticizer, and a hydrogenated petroleum resin, the hydrogenated petroleum resin containing a compound having a softening point of 130° C. or higher.

Provided is an interlayer film for laminated glass having increased tan δ and excellent sound insulating property in an interlayer film having a low glass transition temperature. An interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention includes a resin layer containing a resin component and a plasticizer, and combination of the resin component and the plasticizer in the resin layer is such that when a composition having a glass transition temperature of −10° C. is obtained by blending only the plasticizer in 100 parts by weight of the resin component, a blending amount of the plasticizer per 100 parts by weight of the resin component in the composition is 60 parts by weight or less, and the interlayer film satisfies the formula tan δ.sub.1≥1.3, or satisfies the formula: (tan δ.sub.0−tan δ.sub.1)/(Tg.sub.0+10)≤0.01.

A resin powder for solid freeform fabrication includes a particle having a pillar-like form, wherein the ratio of the height of the particle to the diameter or the long side of the bottom of the particle is 0.5 to 2.0, the particle has a 50 percent cumulative volume particle diameter of from 5 to 200 μm, and the ratio (Mv/Mn) of the volume average particle diameter (Mv) to the number average particle diameter (Mn) of the particle is 2.00 or less.

A film for glass lamination includes a metal salt or a metal ion. A first absolute value in a gradient of concentration of metal ions within a depth of 6 to 45 nm from a surface of the film is greater than a second absolute value in the gradient of the concentration of the metal ions within a depth of 86 to 125 nm from the surface. A first average value of the concentration of the metal ions within the depth of 6 to 45 nm is 2.5 times or more than a second average value of the concentration of the metal ions within the depth of 86 to 125 nm.

A polymer film comprising polyvinyl acetal and a laminated glass manufactured using the same are provided. At least one surface of the polymer film has a void volume (Vv) value at a material ratio of 10% ranging from 2 μm.sup.3/μm.sup.2 to 18 μm.sup.3/μm.sup.2, wherein the void volume (Vv) and material ratio are defined in accordance with ISO 25178-2:2012.

A resin powder for solid freeform fabrication includes a particle having a pillar-like form, wherein the ratio of the height of the particle to the diameter or the long side of the bottom of the particle is 0.5 to 2.0, the particle has a 50 percent cumulative volume particle diameter of from 5 to 200 μm, and the ratio (Mv/Mn) of the volume average particle diameter (Mv) to the number average particle diameter (Mn) of the particle is 2.00 or less.

A gear is provided that has excellent continuous moldability for practical use, and both high slidability and high durability. The provided gear is a molded resin constructed of a resin composition comprising a thermoplastic resin (A) and cellulose nanofibers (B) with an average fiber diameter of 1000 nm or smaller, and having a number average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin (A) in the range of 10,000 to 150,000, wherein a sliding surface of the gear with another gear teeth has an arithmetic mean surface roughness Sa of 3.0 μm or lower.

The film for glass lamination of the present disclosure comprises a polyvinyl acetal resin, a plasticizer, and a metal salt, wherein the film has an adhesion control effect of 8.5 kgf/cm.sup.2 or more per the metal salt in an amount of 10 ppm based on a total weight of the film.

The present invention provides a film for a liquid crystal device that is a film (15 or 16) used for a liquid crystal device (10) and contains a thermoplastic resin, in which the NI point change of liquid crystal upon contacting the film with the liquid crystal is −2° C. to +2° C.