A thermosetting resin composition has particular applications in three dimensional (3-D) printing. The thermosetting resin composition exhibits high performance and is characterized by a high temperature two stage cure resin composition. The thermosetting resin composition comprises cyanate esters and other high temperature resins, photo curable monomers, photo initiator, metal catalyst or ionic liquid catalyst. The thermosetting resin composition cures at room temperature to form 3-D objects and upon further post cure these objects exhibit high temperature properties enabling use at temperatures exceeding 150 C.

The present disclosure provides a hybrid benzoxazine resin and a method for producing such a resin by reacting an aldehyde compound and an organic primary monoamine with a multifunctional phenol monomer and a monofunctional phenol monomer in the presence or absence of a solvent. The hybrid benzoxazine resin may be easily recovered and provides a resin that is substantially monofunctional phenol-free and therefore useful in a variety of applications and products, such as in aerospace and transportation interior applications and products.

A method of forming a carbon foam material comprises forming an emulsion may include a phenol formaldehyde and hexamine in monoethylene glycol and water, curing the emulsion to yield a cured resin, and carbonizing the cured resin to form the carbon foam material. Forming the emulsion may include dispersing the phenol formaldehyde and hexamine in the monoethylene glycol to form an initial solution, contacting the initial solution with the water to form an initial emulsion, and agitating the initial emulsion to form an agitated emulsion. The method may further comprise contacting the agitated emulsion with an oil. Also, a carbon foam material that may be characterized as exhibiting a density of less than about 0.500 g/cc, as exhibiting a compressive strength equal to or greater than about 200 psi, or both.