Provided are a curable resin composition capable of providing excellent heat resistance and toughness for a cured product, in which these physical properties are less deteriorated even in a case of being exposed to humidity and heat conditions, and a cured product, a fiber reinforced composite material, and a molded article thereof. The curable resin composition includes an epoxy resin and a curing agent, in which the epoxy resin is an epoxy resin obtained by the polyglycidyl-etherification of a phenol novolac resin. The phenol novolac resin contains bisphenol F having different binding sites, and in the bisphenol F components, the content of the [o, p′[ conjugate is in a range of 30% to 45% relative to the total of the [o, p′[ conjugate+the [o, o′] conjugate+the [p, p′[ conjugate in terms of the area ratio according to a liquid chromatography measurement.

The present invention contemplates a method for forming a reformable epoxy resin material into a fiber format and: (i) weaving the reformable epoxy resin material (10) with a reinforcing fiber (12) to form a woven material; (ii) stitching a secondary material (14) with reformable epoxy resin material; and optionally (iii) forming a web or mesh with the reformable epoxy resin material.

A curable composition includes specific amounts of a ketone, a curable component, and particulate poly(phenylene ether) having a mean particle size of 3 to 12 micrometers and a particle size relative standard deviation of 20 to 60 percent. The composition has a low viscosity that facilitates wetting of reinforcing structures, and composites formed from the composition and a reinforcing structure cure to form a dielectric material with a low dielectric constant and loss tangent.

An internal combustion engine ignition coil according to the present invention includes: a central iron core; a primary coil disposed on an outer circumference of the central iron core; a secondary coil disposed on an outer circumference of the primary coil; a side iron core disposed on an outer circumference of the secondary coil; and an insulating material sealing the central iron core, the primary coil, and the secondary coil on an inner side of the side iron core. A first layered silicate having a particle diameter less than a winding diameter of the secondary coil is present at a higher concentration in a vicinity of the secondary coil than that in a vicinity of the side iron core in the insulating material. A second layered silicate having a particle diameter greater than the winding diameter of the secondary coil is present at a higher concentration than that of the first layered silicate between the outer circumference side of the secondary coil and the side iron core. The second layered silicate has an aspect ratio of 50 or more, the aspect ratio being a ratio of a long side of a particle of the layered silicate to a thickness of the particle.

A triple shape memory polymeric foam that is open cell in nature and features a two phase, crosslinked SMP with a glass transition temperature of one phase at a temperature lower than a melting transition of the second phase. The resulting soft material features high fidelity, repeatable triple shape behavior, and is useful for complex deployment using a combination of foam compression and bending.

Provided is a resin composition that has a low viscosity before curing, and is capable of being turned into a cured product having superior dielectric properties (low relative permittivity and low dielectric tangent), a low elastic modulus and also an excellent heat resistance. The resin composition is a heat-curable citraconimide resin composition containing:

(A) a citraconimide compound having a saturated or unsaturated divalent hydrocarbon group(s) having 6 to 100 carbon atoms;

(B) an epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in one molecule; and

(C) a reaction promoter,

wherein a mass ratio between the components (A) and (B) is (A):(B)=99:1 to 1:99.

In various embodiments, the invention provides an in-situ adduct formed by reacting liquid, solid, and/or semi-solid epoxy resins with a di-carboxylic acid functionalized polymer. The adducting process at least doubles the viscosity of the mixture. A hot melt thermosetting surfacing film and composite formed using the adduct are also disclosed. Methods of preparing and using are also disclosed.

Curable compositions are provided which comprise: a) 30-80 wt % of a room temperature liquid epoxy resin; b) 0.5-10 wt % of an epoxy curative; c) 5-40 wt % of a thermoplastic resin; and d) 0.5-10 wt % of a physical blowing agent. In some embodiments, the curable compositions may be fire retardant. In some embodiments, the curable compositions may be used in the form of films, and more particularly as core splice film adhesives.

A thermoplastic epoxy matrix formulation, based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic epoxy matrix formulation, includes 0.1 to 95 parts by weight of a difunctional epoxy resin and 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of a latent hardener, wherein the latent hardener is an amine compound containing two reactive hydrogens.

An object of the present invention is to provide a golf club shaft having excellent strength. The present invention provides a golf club shaft made of a fiber-reinforced epoxy resin material comprising a cured product of an epoxy resin composition and a reinforcing fiber, wherein the epoxy resin composition comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F type epoxy resin and a novolac type epoxy resin, and a tetraglycidyl type epoxy resin as an epoxy resin component, and the cured product of the epoxy resin composition has a swelling ratio in a range from 20 mass % to 44 mass % in methyl ethyl ketone.