The present disclosure is drawn to a composite particulate build material, including 92 wt % to 99.5 wt % polymeric particles having an average size from 10 m to 150 m and an average aspect ratio of less than 2:1. The composite particulate build material further includes from 0.5 wt % to 8 wt % reinforcing particles having an average size of 0.1 m to 20 m and an average aspect ratio of 3:1 to 100:1 applied to a surface of the polymeric particles.

An aromatic polyester containing a repeating unit (A) having Formula (a) below; a repeating unit (B) derived from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid; a repeating unit (C) derived from an aromatic amine optionally having a hydroxyl group; and a repeating unit (D) derived from an aromatic diol. The content of (A) is 10 mol % to less than 20 mol %, the content of (B) is 40 mol % to less than 45 mol %, the total content of (C) and (D) is 40 mol % to less than 45 mol %, and a content of (D) is more than 0 mol % and less than 15 mol % with respect to a total of (A) to (D).

OAr.sup.1CO(a)

In formula (a), Ar.sup.1 is a 1,4-phenylene group, a 2,6-naphthylene group, or a 4,4-biphenylene group; and at least one hydrogen atom in Ar.sup.1 may be each substituted with a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group.

The present invention relates to a poly (ester amide) (PEA) having a chemical formula described by structural formula (IV), wherein m+p varies from 0.9-0.1 and q varies from 0.1 to 0.9 m+p+q=1 whereby m or p could be 0 n is about 5 to about 300; (pref. 50-200) R.sub.1 is independently selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.2-C.sub.20) alkylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.20) alkenylene, (R.sub.9COOR.sub.10OCOR.sub.9), CHR.sub.11OCOR.sub.12COOCR.sub.11 and combinations thereof; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 in a single backbone unit m or p, respectively, are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.6)alkenyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.6)alkynyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)aryl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, (CH.sub.2)SH, (CH.sub.2).sub.2S(CH.sub.3), CH.sub.2OH, CH(OH)CH.sub.3, (CH.sub.2).sub.4NH.sub.3+, (CH.sub.2).sub.3NHC(NH.sub.2+)NH.sub.2, CH.sub.2COOH, (CH.sub.2)COOH, CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2COOH, CH.sub.3CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3), (CH.sub.3).sub.2CHCH.sub.2, H.sub.2N(CH.sub.2).sub.4, Ph-CH.sub.2, CHCCH.sub.2, HO-p-Ph-CH.sub.2, (CH.sub.3).sub.2CH, Ph-NH, NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3C, NHCHNCHCCH.sub.2. R.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.2-C.sub.20)alkylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.20)alkenylene, alkyloxy or oligoethyleneglycol R.sub.6 is selected from bicyclic-fragments of 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols of structural formula (III); R.sub.7 is selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)aryl (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl R.sub.8 is (CH2)4-; R.sub.9 or R.sub.10 are independently selected from C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkylene or C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenylene. R.sub.11 or R.sub.12 are independently selected from H, methyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkylene or C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenylene whereby a is at least 0.05 and b is at least 0.05 and a+b=1. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a poly (ester amide) (PEA) having a chemical formula described by structural formula (IV), ##STR00001##
wherein m+p varies from 0.9-0.1 and q varies from 0.1 to 0.9 m+p+q=1 whereby m or p could be 0 n is about 5 to about 300; (pref. 50-200) R.sub.1 is independently selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.2-C.sub.20 alkylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.20) alkenylene, (R.sub.9COOR.sub.10OCOR.sub.9), CHR.sub.11OCOR.sub.12COOCR.sub.11 and combinations thereof; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 in a single backbone unit m or p, respectively, are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.6)alkenyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.6)alkynyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)aryl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, (CH.sub.2)SH, (CH.sub.2)S(CH.sub.3), CH.sub.2OH, CH(OH)CH.sub.3, (CH.sub.2).sub.4NH.sub.3+, (CH.sub.2).sub.3NHC(NH.sub.2+)NH.sub.2, CH.sub.2COOH, (CH.sub.2)COOH, CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2, -- CH.sub.2CH.sub.2COOH, CH.sub.3CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3), (CH.sub.3).sub.2CHCH.sub.2, H.sub.2N(CH.sub.2).sub.4, Ph-CH.sub.2, CHCCH.sub.2, HO-p-Ph-CH.sub.2, (CH.sub.3).sub.2CH, Ph-NH, NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3C, NHCHNCHCCH.sub.2. R.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.2-C.sub.20)alkylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.20)alkenylene, alkyloxy or oligoethyleneglycol R.sub.6 is selected from bicyclic-fragments of 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols of structural formula (III); ##STR00002## R.sub.7 is selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)aryl (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl R.sub.8 is (CH2)4-; R.sub.9 or R.sub.10 are independently selected from C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkylene or C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenylene. R.sub.11 or R.sub.12 are independently selected from H, methyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkylene or C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenylene whereby a is at least 0.05 and b is at least 0.05 and a+b=1.

The present disclosure relates to microparticles or nanoparticles comprising a polyesteramide (PEA) having a chemical formula described by structural formula (IV), ##STR00001##
wherein m+p varies from 0.9-0.1 and q varies from 0.1 to 0.9; m+p+q=1 whereby m or p could be 0; n is about 5 to about 300; (pref. 50-200); R.sub.1 is independently selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.2-C.sub.20) alkylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.20) alkenylene, (R.sub.9COOR.sub.10OCOR.sub.9), CHR.sub.11OCOR.sub.12COOCR.sub.11 and combinations thereof; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 in a single backbone unit m or p, respectively, are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.6)alkenyl, (C.sub.2-C.sub.6)alkynyl, (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)aryl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, (CH.sub.2)SH, (CH.sub.2).sub.2S(CH.sub.3), CH.sub.2OH, CH(OH)CH.sub.3, (CH.sub.2).sub.4NH.sub.3+, (CH.sub.2).sub.3NHC(NH.sub.2+)NH.sub.2, CH.sub.2COOH, (CH.sub.2)COOH, CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CONH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2COOH, CH.sub.3CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3), (CH.sub.3).sub.2CHCH.sub.2, H.sub.2N(CH.sub.2).sub.4, Ph-CH.sub.2, CHCCH.sub.2, HO-p-Ph-CH.sub.2, (CH.sub.3).sub.2CH, Ph-NH, NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3C, NHCHNCHCCH.sub.2; R.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.2-C.sub.20)alkylene, (C.sub.2-C.sub.20)alkenylene, alkyloxy or oligoethyleneglycol; R.sub.6 is selected from bicyclic-fragments of 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols of structural formula (III); R.sub.7 is (C.sub.6-C.sub.10)aryl (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; R.sub.8 is (CH.sub.2).sub.4; R.sub.9 or R.sub.10 are independently selected from C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkylene or C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenylene; and R.sub.11 or R.sub.12 are independently selected from H, methyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkylene or C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenylene; whereby a is at least 0.05 and b is at least 0.05 and a+b=1.

A process for the preparation of graphene, graphene materials, graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide and the preparation of graphene, graphene materials, graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide integrated in a thermoplastic and/or elastomeric polymer or polymer mixture by the effect of friction is produced by kneading, e.g., in an internal mixer with closed chamber or open chamber system, that performs the exfoliation of graphite, graphite oxide or reduced graphite oxide.

Provided is a method for producing a nanoparticle having a uniform particle diameter. A method for producing a nanoparticle comprising an amphiphilic block polymer, the method comprising: with use of a nanoparticle production device that includes: a polymer solution supply channel Cp; an aqueous liquid supply channel Cw1, Cw2; a junction J of the channels; a nanoparticle formation channel Cn; and a nanoparticle-containing liquid outlet On, supplying a solution of a polymer and an aqueous liquid to the junction J; forming a nanoparticle while bringing a laminar flow of the polymer solution and a laminar flow of the aqueous liquid into contact with each other; obtaining a liquid containing the formed nanoparticle from the nanoparticle-containing liquid outlet; and controlling a particle diameter of the nanoparticle by measuring a statistic of the particle diameter of the formed nanoparticle in real time, and by controlling at least one of an amount of the polymer solution supplied to the junction and an amount of the aqueous liquid supplied to the junction such that the statistic becomes a desired value.

The invention provides certain polyesteramide compositions which have glass transition temperatures (T.sub.g) of greater than or equal to 0 C. The polyesteramides of the invention are useful as polymeric interlayers for laminate structures, for example, safety glass, where excellent toughness is combined with high adhesion to glass.

A process for a composite material, including an assembly of one or more reinforcing fibers, impregnated with at least one thermoplastic polymer with a glass transition temperature Tg of less than or equal to 75 C. and a melting point of from 150 C. to less than 250 C. or a Tg of greater than 75 C., the process including: i) a step of impregnating said assembly in bulk melt form with at least one thermoplastic polymer, which is the product of polymerization by polyaddition reaction of a reactive precursor composition including: a) at least one prepolymer P(X)n of said thermoplastic polymer, and b) at least one chain extender, represented by Y-A-Y, ii) a step of cooling and obtaining a fibrous preimpregnate, and iii) a step of processing and final forming of said composite material.

A composition including at least one polyamide polymer obtained from at least one reactive polyamide prepolymer including at least one chain extender (PA.sub.1-All.sub.1-PA.sub.1), the polyamide polymer being prepared at a temperature T.sub.1 no lower than the temperature melting temperature or glass transition temperature of the polymer and having a mean molecular weight Mn.sub.1. The composition has a melt viscosity which can be modulated according to the temperature to which the composition is exposed, wherein the temperature is between T.sub.2 and T.sub.3, T.sub.2 and T.sub.3 being higher than T.sub.1, and the melt viscosity .sub.2 or .sub.3 observed at the temperature T.sub.2 or T.sub.3, respectively, being lower than the melt viscosity .sub.2 or .sub.3 of the polyamide polymer, which does not include a chain extender and has the same mean molecular weight Mn.sub.1(PA.sub.1) observed at the same temperature T.sub.2 or T.sub.3. The composition includes one or more polyamides.