Disclosed are transesterification and transamidation reactions and depolymerization reactions of polyesters and polyamides using catalysts comprising a structural unit of formula (I). Therein, o is a positive integer of at least 1, R.sup.3 is selected from the group of hydrogen, halogen, or optionally substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.18 alkyl, Z is a group-BG-Cat.sup.+ M, BG is a covalent bond or a divalent bridge group, Cat.sup.+ is a selected cationic residue, preferably an imidazolinium group, covalently attached to BG, M is an i-times charged anion An.sup.i for charge-compensation, and i is an integer from 1 to 4. The invention provides a method for (trans)esterification or (trans)amidation reactions to produce biodiesel, to depolymerize polyesters/polyamides using reusable polymer catalysts, wherein the polymer catalysts not only provide a homogeneous and high catalytic activity for degradation or transformation reactions but allow also a heterogeneous separation of the catalysts and/or impurities, such as additives, colorants (pigments or dyes), from the reaction products.

A modified polyphenylene ether resin foamed sheet is obtained by foaming modified polyphenylene ether resin including a flame retardant. The modified polyphenylene ether resin foamed sheet has a relative permittivity of 1.10 to 2.00, and a dielectric loss tangent (tan ) of 0.510.sup.3 to 2.510.sup.3. Also, a modified polyphenylene ether resin foamed sheet is obtained by foaming modified polyphenylene ether resin foamed resin including both a halogen-based flame retardant of a specified weight-average molecular weight and a phosphorus-based flame retardant, and an average bubble diameter and bubble number density of bubbles in the modified polyphenylene ether resin foamed sheet are within predetermined ranges.

Described herein are self-recyclable polymeric compositions. The polymeric compositions can comprise a blend of a matrix polymer and a triggerable polymer. The triggerable polymer can be derived from a monomer that generates or releases an acid upon activation, a monomer that generates or releases a blowing agent upon activation, or any combination thereof. When triggered (e.g., by heating), the triggerable polymer can generate or release an acid and/or a blowing agent, degrading (e.g., depolymerizing) the matrix polymer.

An object is to obtain a composition capable of: forming a uniform film even by spray coating or even when the composition is applied in the form of ink for inkjet printing; and preventing light emission from a portion other than an ITO electrode surface when the film is mounted on an organic EL device and light is emitted from the device. A conductive polymer composition contains: a composite containing a -conjugated polymer (A) and a polymer (B) shown by a general formula (1); H.sub.2O (D) for dispersing the composite; a water-soluble organic solvent (C); and a compound (E) shown by a general formula (2). The electric conductivity of a film with a thickness of 20 to 200 nm formed from the conductive polymer composition is less than 1.00E-05 S/cm. ##STR00001##

A sound-absorbing material block, a method for preparing the same and application thereof are provided. The sound-absorbing material block includes three-dimensional open-cell foam, sound-absorbing material powder, a binder, a gel, and a cross-linking agent. The sound-absorbing material powder is bonded to each other and connected to the three-dimensional open-cell foam by means of the gel, the cross-linking agent, and the binder, by mass of the sound-absorbing material powder, the gel accounts for 1 wt % to 5 wt % of the sound-absorbing material powder, and the binder accounts for 1 wt % to 8 wt % of the sound-absorbing material powder, and by mass of the gel, the cross-linking agent accounts for 1 wt % to 10 wt % of the gel. The sound-absorbing material block according to the present disclosure reduces an additive amount of the binder, and significantly improves sound-absorbing performance and strength of the material block.

According to an aspect, a method includes forming a material including polypropylene and a radiopaque component and using the material to form a medical device. In some implementations, the medical device includes a mesh. In some implementations, the medical device includes a knitted mesh. In some implementations, the using the material includes extruding the material to form a filament. In some implementations, the forming the material includes forming a plurality of solid pellets of the material. In some implementations, the forming the material includes forming a plurality of solid pellets of the material, and the using the material includes placing at least some of the plurality of solid pellets into a mold to form the medical device.

The present disclosure provides a resin composition, including a vinyl group-containing resin and a phosphorus-containing copolymer. The phosphorus-containing copolymer is polymerized from a monomer represented by Formula (1) and a monomer represented by Formula (2). Further, the present disclosure also provides an article made from the aforesaid resin composition, including a prepreg, a resin film, a laminate, or a printed circuit board.

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