A composition and method for making extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam is provided. The composition includes an infrared attenuation agent composition comprising conductive polymers to achieve an XPS foam having an improved thermal insulation performance. In some exemplary embodiments, the conductive polymers comprise doped polypyrrole and doped polyaniline. In some exemplary embodiments, the XPS foam includes a carbon dioxide-based blowing agent.

An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous coating composition that exhibits a small change in viscosity and can form a coating film having a superior coating film appearance even when the amount of a solvent contained in the aqueous coating composition decreases due to the change of the coating environment. The present invention provides an aqueous coating composition containing a polyurethane resin dispersion (A) and a melamine resin (B), wherein the melamine resin (B) contains a hydrophobic melamine resin, and the polyurethane resin constituting the polyurethane resin dispersion (A) has a viscosity in a range of 101 to 150,000 Pa.Math.s measured at a temperature of 25° C. and a shear rate of 0.1 sec.sup.−1.

The combined use of polyol esters and cationic polyelectrolytes as additives in cosurfactant-containing aqueous polymer dispersions for production of porous polymer coatings, preferably for production of porous polyurethane coatings, is described.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a multilayer coating film with excellent performance such as acid resistance, by using a coating composition which is completely different from conventional clear coating compositions and cheaper than conventional non-melamine curing type, acid/epoxy type, and isocyanate type clear coating compositions. A method for forming a multilayer coating film comprising a step (1) of applying a base coating composition and a step (2) of applying a clear coating composition on a coating film formed in the step (1), wherein the clear coating composition causes a curing reaction through a transesterification reaction between a hydroxyl group and an alkyl ester group.

The present invention provides a resin composition comprising: (A) 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin; (B) from 10 to 80 parts by weight of benzoxazine resin; (C) from 10 to 50 parts by weight of dicyclopentadiene phenol resin; and (D) from 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of amine hardener; wherein the resin composition is free of diallyl bisphenol A (DABPA).

Embodiments of the present disclosure, in one aspect, relate to polymer compositions, methods of making polymer compositions, structures having the polymer composition covalently bonded to the surface of the structure, methods of attaching the polymer to the surface of the structure, methods of decreasing the amount of microorganisms formed on a structure, materials, methods of attaching materials, and the like.

A gas barrier polymer of the present invention is formed by heating a mixture including a polycarboxylic acid and a polyamine compound, in which, in an infrared absorption spectrum of the gas barrier polymer, when a total peak area in a range of an absorption band of equal to or more than 1493 cm.sup.−3 and equal to or less than 1780 cm.sup.−1 is A, and a total peak area in a range of an absorption band of equal to or more than 1598 cm.sup.−1 and equal to or less than 1690 cm.sup.−1 is B, an area ratio of an amide bond indicated by B/A is 0.370 or more.

A binder includes a cross-linked product of at least a first polymer, a second polymer, and a third polymer, wherein the cross-linked product is cross-linked by at least two ester bonds; the first polymer includes polyimide, polyamic acid, a copolymer thereof, or a combination thereof, wherein the first polymer includes a structural unit including an alkali metal and a structural unit including at least one hydroxyl functional group; the second polymer includes poly(acrylic acid), poly(methacrylic acid), a copolymer thereof, or a combination thereof; and the third polymer includes polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, a copolymer thereof, or a combination thereof.

A coating material for a gas barrier includes polycarboxylic acid, a polyamine compound, a polyvalent metal compound, and a base, in which (molar number of —COO— groups included in the polycarboxylic acid)/(molar number of amino groups included in the polyamine compound)=100/20 to 100/90.

A conductive particle and a method of preparing the same, and a display panel are disclosed. The conductive particle includes a core and a conductive layer covering the core. The material of the core is polystyrene, and the material of the conductive layer is polyaniline.