The present disclosure provides biodegradable and compostable playdough compositions. In addition, the present disclosure also relates to playdough compositions based on recycled breads as a primary constituent. Processes of manufacturing the playdough compositions is also disclosed.

Thermoformed articles comprising a film thermoformed to be in the form of a pouch defining an interior pouch volume, the film comprising a mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is provided in an amount in a range of about 5 to about 30 weight parts, based on 100 weight parts of total polyvinyl alcohol resin; wherein the thermoformed film in the form of a pouch defining an interior pouch volume is characterized by a draw ratio in a range of about 2.3 to about 2.9; the article is characterized by a release time of at least 30 seconds when formed into a sealed packet and tested in accordance with the Liquid Release Test; and the article is characterized by a residue value of at most 9%, as determined by the Residue Test.

Thermoformed articles comprising a film thermoformed to be in the form of a pouch defining an interior pouch volume, the film comprising a mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and a plasticizer, wherein the plasticizer is provided in an amount in a range of about 5 to about 30 weight parts, based on 100 weight parts of total polyvinyl alcohol resin; wherein the thermoformed film in the form of a pouch defining an interior pouch volume is characterized by a draw ratio in a range of about 2.3 to about 2.9; the article is characterized by a release time of at least 30 seconds when formed into a sealed packet and tested in accordance with the Liquid Release Test; and the article is characterized by a residue value of at most 9%, as determined by the Residue Test.

A method of processing iron ore fines from various possible sources, with particle size up to 0.15 mm (through 100 mesh sieve) with no or limited comminution, directly into the intense mixer, with a set of binders in specific proportions, aiming to optimize physical and metallurgical properties of the pellets with minimal binder addition, thus not compromising the quality of steel products. The binders are starch, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide, among others. The mixture with adjusted moisture content goes through conventional balling discs or drums and size screening. The green pellets then undergo drying with forced air at around 150° C. for a short time. The pellets obtained have excellent metallurgical properties, and compression resistance around 70 kgf/pellets, without the high and undesirable economic and environmental costs of the conventional indurating process. An alternative embodiment (FIG. 3) considers indurating the pellets at temperatures below 1,200° C. to obtain similar mechanical resistance than pellets made by the conventional induration process, with temperatures above 1,300° C.

A method of processing iron ore fines from various possible sources, with particle size up to 0.15 mm (through 100 mesh sieve) with no or limited comminution, directly into the intense mixer, with a set of binders in specific proportions, aiming to optimize physical and metallurgical properties of the pellets with minimal binder addition, thus not compromising the quality of steel products. The binders are starch, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide, among others. The mixture with adjusted moisture content goes through conventional balling discs or drums and size screening. The green pellets then undergo drying with forced air at around 150° C. for a short time. The pellets obtained have excellent metallurgical properties, and compression resistance around 70 kgf/pellets, without the high and undesirable economic and environmental costs of the conventional indurating process. An alternative embodiment (FIG. 3) considers indurating the pellets at temperatures below 1,200° C. to obtain similar mechanical resistance than pellets made by the conventional induration process, with temperatures above 1,300° C.

A polyisocyanate composition is produced by reaction of bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane with trimethylolpropane, and contains a trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body obtained by reaction of three molecules of bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane with one molecule of trimethylolpropane, and a trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body obtained by reaction of five molecules of bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane with two molecules of trimethylolpropane; and the molar ratio of trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body relative to trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body (trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body/trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body) contained in the polyisocyanate composition is 1.5 or more and 4.5 or less.

A method for producing a shaped article includes a second web forming step, in which a mixture containing fibers and a binding material is deposited in the air, the binding material containing starch and an alkali metal salt; a moistening step, in which the mixture is supplied with water; and a sheet-forming step, in which heat and pressure are applied to the mixture supplied with water to give a sheet. The alkali metal salt content of the binding material is 2.0% by mass or less of the total mass of the starch.

A method for producing a shaped article includes a second web forming step, in which a mixture containing fibers and a binding material is deposited in the air, the binding material containing starch and an alkali metal salt; a moistening step, in which the mixture is supplied with water; and a sheet-forming step, in which heat and pressure are applied to the mixture supplied with water to give a sheet. The alkali metal salt content of the binding material is 2.0% by mass or less of the total mass of the starch.

A method and a mineral wool product include a multiple of lamellae, such as a sandwich panel core. The product includes a plurality of lamellae cut from a mineral wool web, and bonded together by applying an adhesive on the surfaces of two adjacent lamellae to form a web-like product, wherein the adhesive comprises at least one hydrocolloid.

A method and a mineral wool product include a multiple of lamellae, such as a sandwich panel core. The product includes a plurality of lamellae cut from a mineral wool web, and bonded together by applying an adhesive on the surfaces of two adjacent lamellae to form a web-like product, wherein the adhesive comprises at least one hydrocolloid.