A wax-polymer compound includes (a) a polymer component that is a polymerized unsaturated monomer, optionally copolymerized with a vinyl-aromatic monomer, and (b) a halogenated hydrocarbon wax component. The polymer component is grafted to the halogenated hydrocarbon wax component, and the wax-polymer compound has a number average molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 100,000, A method of making the wax-polymer compound and a coated silica particle are also disclosed. A rubber composition includes a rubber elastomer comprising a polymerized unsaturated monomer and optionally a polymerized vinyl-aromatic monomer, the elastomer having a number average molecular weight of about 100,000 to about 1,000,000. It further includes a filler in an amount of about 5 to about 200 phr, the filler comprising carbon black, silica, or both; and a wax-polymer additive.

A high performance tire includes a tread produced by a process including vulcanizing a rubber composition including a rubber component, a carbon black component, and a plasticizer component. The rubber component includes styrene butadiene rubber in content in the range of 60 to 100 mass % with respect to 100 mass % of the rubber component, the carbon black component includes carbon black having DBP oil absorption of 130 cm.sup.3/100 g or more and nitrogen adsorption specific surface area in the range of 100 to 125 m.sup.2/g, and the carbon black has content in the range of 100 to 180 parts by mass and the plasticizer component has content in the range of 120 to 250 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component such that the contents of the carbon black and plasticizer components satisfy (the carbon black component content)/(the plasticizer component content)≦0.9.

Provided is a fluoroelastomer crosslinkable composition, containing a polyol-crosslinkable fluoroelastomer (a) and a cross-linking agent (b), wherein the cross-linking agent (b) is at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the general formula (b) set forth in the description and a salt of the compound with an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an onium compound.

A pneumatic tire includes an inner liner including a vulcanized rubber composition such that a number of voids each having a volume of 4.19 μm.sup.3 or more per 8,000,000 μm.sup.3 in the vulcanized rubber composition is 2 or less in an environment of 60° C. under an atmospheric pressure, and that the vulcanized rubber composition has an air permeation coefficient of 0.95×10.sup.−10 cm.sup.3.Math.cm/(cm.sup.2.Math.s.Math.cmHg) or less when measured using a differential pressure method in the environment of 60° C.

Provided is a chloroprene-based polymer having an industrially applicable sufficient molecular weight and capable of obtaining a vulcanized rubber excellent in durability and fatigue endurance and an adhesive excellent in layer separation resistance. A chloroprene-based polymer having a number average molecular weight Mn of 150000 to 300000 and comprising a functional group of a structure represented by the general formula (1) or (2) below: ##STR00001##
(wherein in the general formula (1), R1 shows hydrogen, chlorine, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl group.)

Provided is a chloroprene-based polymer having an industrially applicable sufficient molecular weight and capable of obtaining a vulcanized rubber excellent in durability and fatigue endurance and an adhesive excellent in layer separation resistance. A chloroprene-based polymer having a number average molecular weight Mn of 150000 to 300000 and comprising a functional group of a structure represented by the general formula (1) or (2) below: ##STR00001##
(wherein in the general formula (1), R1 shows hydrogen, chlorine, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl group.)

A surface-treating agent for vulcanized rubber, comprising, based on 100 parts by weight, as solid matters, of isocyanate group-containing 1,2-polybutadiene, an organic solvent solution containing 10 to 160 parts by weight of fluororesin particles and 2.5 to 20 parts by weight of a perfluoroalkyl group-containing oligomer-based, fluorine-containing surfactant as a dispersant. The surface-treating agent for vulcanized rubber improves the solution stability of the organic solvent solution, improves the further hardness of the entire coating film formed from the surface-treating agent, abrasion resistance, and product torque evaluation, and is effectively used as, for example, a coating agent for seal lip parts of oil seals.

A surface-treating agent for vulcanized rubber, comprising, based on 100 parts by weight, as solid matters, of isocyanate group-containing 1,2-polybutadiene, an organic solvent solution containing 10 to 160 parts by weight of fluororesin particles and 2.5 to 20 parts by weight of a perfluoroalkyl group-containing oligomer-based, fluorine-containing surfactant as a dispersant. The surface-treating agent for vulcanized rubber improves the solution stability of the organic solvent solution, improves the further hardness of the entire coating film formed from the surface-treating agent, abrasion resistance, and product torque evaluation, and is effectively used as, for example, a coating agent for seal lip parts of oil seals.

A composition for additive manufacturing is provided. The composition comprises a solvent and a rubber dissolved in the solvent, wherein the ratio of rubber to solvent is in a range of 1:10 to 3:5. A method of manufacturing an object is also provided. The method includes forming a first layer of the object by dispensing a printable composition comprising rubber dissolved in a solvent, in a ratio of 1:10 to 3:5 allowing at least a portion of the solvent in the first layer to evaporate, adding a second layer to the first layer by dispending a printable composition comprising a rubber dissolved in a solvent in a ratio of 1:10 to 3:5 and allowing at least a portion of the solvent in the second layer to evaporate.

A composition for additive manufacturing is provided. The composition comprises a solvent and a rubber dissolved in the solvent, wherein the ratio of rubber to solvent is in a range of 1:10 to 3:5. A method of manufacturing an object is also provided. The method includes forming a first layer of the object by dispensing a printable composition comprising rubber dissolved in a solvent, in a ratio of 1:10 to 3:5 allowing at least a portion of the solvent in the first layer to evaporate, adding a second layer to the first layer by dispending a printable composition comprising a rubber dissolved in a solvent in a ratio of 1:10 to 3:5 and allowing at least a portion of the solvent in the second layer to evaporate.