Articles having functional surfaces, for example antimicrobial functional surfaces, are prepared by methods comprising anodization. Organophosphorous compounds are deposited on a surface by methods comprising anodization, followed by attaching functional compounds, functional oligomers or functional polymers. Alternatively, functional organophosphorous compounds, functional oligomers or functional polymers are deposited on a surface by methods comprising anodization.

Articles having functional surfaces, for example antimicrobial functional surfaces, are prepared by methods comprising anodization. Organophosphorous compounds are deposited on a surface by methods comprising anodization, followed by attaching functional compounds, functional oligomers or functional polymers. Alternatively, functional organophosphorous compounds, functional oligomers or functional polymers are deposited on a surface by methods comprising anodization.

Nitric oxide (NO) generating compositions can include a nitrite component, an acidifying component, and a support material configured to carry one of the nitrite component and the acidifying agent. In some examples, the support material can minimize NO generation prior to addition of an activating amount of a suitable solvent.

Nitric oxide (NO) generating compositions can include a nitrite component, an acidifying component, and a support material configured to carry one of the nitrite component and the acidifying agent. In some examples, the support material can minimize NO generation prior to addition of an activating amount of a suitable solvent.

Antimicrobial animal bedding includes a base textile material and a halo active aromatic sulfonamide compound of Formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein the variables M.sub.2, X, and M are disclosed herein. The resulting animal bedding product maintains antimicrobial properties over extended time periods.

Antimicrobial animal bedding includes a base textile material and a halo active aromatic sulfonamide compound of Formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein the variables M.sub.2, X, and M are disclosed herein. The resulting animal bedding product maintains antimicrobial properties over extended time periods.

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, J.sup.2, Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, T and Y are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds, N-oxides and salts, and methods for controlling undesired vegetation comprising contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of a compound, N-oxide, salt or composition. ##STR00001##

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, J.sup.2, Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, T and Y are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds, N-oxides and salts, and methods for controlling undesired vegetation comprising contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of a compound, N-oxide, salt or composition. ##STR00001##

Antimicrobial compositions and methods for depositing or coating the antimicrobial or antibacterial compositions on a substrate to prevent microbial adhesion are provided. The antimicrobial composition may include a cationic polymer having a poly-allylamine backbone. A portion of the poly-allylamine backbone may be functionalized with at least one of a guanidine functional group and a biguanide functional group.

Antimicrobial compositions and methods for depositing or coating the antimicrobial or antibacterial compositions on a substrate to prevent microbial adhesion are provided. The antimicrobial composition may include a cationic polymer having a poly-allylamine backbone. A portion of the poly-allylamine backbone may be functionalized with at least one of a guanidine functional group and a biguanide functional group.