A method of making an antimicrobial poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/silver nanocomposite comprising PMMA and silver nanoparticles. The method includes reacting at least one silver salt with a methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer in at least one organic solvent free of water and in the presence of at least one organic free radical initiator to polymerize the MMA monomer to form the PMMA by free radical polymerization while reducing in-situ the silver salt to form the silver nanoparticles, wherein the silver nanoparticles have an average particle size of 35-60 nm, and wherein the PMMA forms a matrix that encloses the silver nanoparticles.

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1 including all geometric and stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof,

##STR00001##

wherein Z, X, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, W, R.sup.3, R.sup.4a, R.sup.4b, L, R.sup.5a, R.sup.5b and Q are as defined in the disclosure.

Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling plant disease caused by a fungal pathogen comprising applying an effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1 including all geometric and stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof,

##STR00001##

wherein Z, X, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, W, R.sup.3, R.sup.4a, R.sup.4b, L, R.sup.5a, R.sup.5b and Q are as defined in the disclosure.

Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling plant disease caused by a fungal pathogen comprising applying an effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.

A particulate oxide composition comprising cerium oxide, trivalent dopant, and optional additional metal oxide, other than cerium oxide and trivalent dopant, is beneficial to aid in the removal of biological contaminants, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa (e.g., amoebae), yeast and algae. This particulate oxide composition contains more cerium oxide than trivalent dopant and has a unique depth profile in which the average trivalent dopant to Ce ratio at about 0 nm to about 3.5 nm from the surface of the particulate composition is greater than the trivalent dopant to Ce ratio at about 15 nm from the surface of the particulate composition. These trivalent doped cerium oxide compositions can be used to remove these biological contaminants from fluids, including air and water, and from solid surfaces. Also described are methods of using compositions containing these trivalent doped cerium oxide compositions to remove biological contaminants.

A particulate oxide composition comprising cerium oxide, trivalent dopant, and optional additional metal oxide, other than cerium oxide and trivalent dopant, is beneficial to aid in the removal of biological contaminants, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa (e.g., amoebae), yeast and algae. This particulate oxide composition contains more cerium oxide than trivalent dopant and has a unique depth profile in which the average trivalent dopant to Ce ratio at about 0 nm to about 3.5 nm from the surface of the particulate composition is greater than the trivalent dopant to Ce ratio at about 15 nm from the surface of the particulate composition. These trivalent doped cerium oxide compositions can be used to remove these biological contaminants from fluids, including air and water, and from solid surfaces. Also described are methods of using compositions containing these trivalent doped cerium oxide compositions to remove biological contaminants.

A method for producing mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates involving solvothermal treatment of a solution of a magnesium salt, a base, a glycol, and water is disclosed. The method does not use a surfactant or template in the solvothermal treatment. The method yields mesoporous nanoparticles of magnesium hydroxide having a plate-like morphology with a diameter of 20 nm to 100 nm, a mean pore diameter of 2 to 10 nm, a surface area of 50 to 70 m.sup.2/g, and a type-III nitrogen adsorption-desorption BET isotherm with a H3 hysteresis loop. An antibacterial composition containing the mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates is also disclosed. A method for reducing nitroaromatic compounds with a reducing agent and the mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates as a catalyst is also disclosed.

A method for producing mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates involving solvothermal treatment of a solution of a magnesium salt, a base, a glycol, and water is disclosed. The method does not use a surfactant or template in the solvothermal treatment. The method yields mesoporous nanoparticles of magnesium hydroxide having a plate-like morphology with a diameter of 20 nm to 100 nm, a mean pore diameter of 2 to 10 nm, a surface area of 50 to 70 m.sup.2/g, and a type-III nitrogen adsorption-desorption BET isotherm with a H3 hysteresis loop. An antibacterial composition containing the mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates is also disclosed. A method for reducing nitroaromatic compounds with a reducing agent and the mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates as a catalyst is also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of fungicidally active triazole compounds wherein said process uses homologous cage amines as the catalyst.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of fungicidally active triazole compounds wherein said process uses homologous cage amines as the catalyst.

The present invention relates to co-crystals of boscalid and a triazole fungicide.