Disclosed herein is a tricyclic octacationic cyclophane and complexes comprising the tricyclic octacationic cyclophane and a perylene diimide dye complexed therein and methods of using and making the cyclophane and complexes.

Disclosed herein are articles and devices, such as photo-selective films, which may be used to influence the growth of photosynthetic organisms. These article and devices may comprise one or more compounds of Formula (I) and/or Formula (II), along with one or more optional auxiliary dyes. Methods of controlling the growth of plants and for the manufacture of said articles and devices are also disclosed herein.

Disclosed herein are articles and devices, such as photo-selective films, which may be used to influence the growth of photosynthetic organisms. These article and devices may comprise one or more compounds of Formula (I) and/or Formula (II), along with one or more optional auxiliary dyes. Methods of controlling the growth of plants and for the manufacture of said articles and devices are also disclosed herein.

The present invention relates to a cyanoaryl substituted compound of formula (I), (I) wherein m is 0-4; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are selected from hydrogen, chlorine, bromine and C.sub.6-C.sub.24-aryl, which carries one to three cyano; each R.sup.1 independently from each other is selected from bromine, chlorine, cyano, —NRaRb, C.sub.1-C.sub.24-alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.24-haloalkyl, C1-C24-alkoxy, C.sub.1-C.sub.24-haloalkoxy, C.sub.3-C.sub.24-cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, C.sub.6-C.sub.24-aryl, C.sub.6-C.sub.24-aryloxy, C.sub.6-C.sub.24-aryl-C.sub.1-C.sub.10-alkylene, etc., with the proviso that at least one of the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is C.sub.6-C.sub.24-aryl, which carries one to three cyano; X is O, S, SO or SO.sub.2; A is a diradical of the formulae (A.1), (A.2), (A.3), or (A.4) wherein *, R.sup.6, (R.sup.7)n, (R.sup.8)o and (R.sup.9)p are as defined in the claims and in the description. The invention also relates to the use of said compound(s) in color converters, to said color converters and their use, to lighting devices, to a backlight unit for liquid crystal displays; a liquid crystal display device and a self-emissive display device comprising at least one compound (I). ##STR00001##

The invention provides a lighting device comprising a light source configured to provide light source light having a blue light component and a light converter configured to convert at least part of the light source light into converter light, wherein the light converter comprises a polymeric matrix (22) with a luminescent material, wherein the luminescent material comprises a luminescent molecule (300) comprising a first group (310) able to absorb at least part of the blue light component, and a second group (320) able to emit luminescent molecule light having a red light component, wherein the first group (310) is configured to transfer at least part of the energy acquired by the absorption of said blue light component to the second group (320) for generation of said luminescent molecule light having a red light component.

The invention provides a lighting device comprising a light source configured to provide light source light having a blue light component and a light converter configured to convert at least part of the light source light into converter light, wherein the light converter comprises a polymeric matrix (22) with a luminescent material, wherein the luminescent material comprises a luminescent molecule (300) comprising a first group (310) able to absorb at least part of the blue light component, and a second group (320) able to emit luminescent molecule light having a red light component, wherein the first group (310) is configured to transfer at least part of the energy acquired by the absorption of said blue light component to the second group (320) for generation of said luminescent molecule light having a red light component.

The present application relates to a device for regulating the passage of energy from an outside space into an inside space, to compounds, windows and uses of the devices and compounds.

Compounds useful as fluorescent or colored dyes are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): including stereoisomers, salts and tautomers thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, L.sup.5, L.sup.6, M.sup.1, M.sup.2, A, q, w and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds are also provided. ##STR00001##

Compounds useful as fluorescent or colored dyes are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): including stereoisomers, salts and tautomers thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, L.sup.5, L.sup.6, M.sup.1, M.sup.2, A, q, w and n are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds are also provided. ##STR00001##

The invention relates to the identification of polymer materials on the basis of the fluorescence decay time of the intrinsic fluorescence of the polymer materials for definite sorting in a completely separated manner. The invention further relates to marking with fluorescent dyes, which, because of the specific fluorescence decay times of the fluorescent dyes, can further increase the sorting reliability by means of redundancy and can be used to identify particular batches.